Table 1.
Patient characteristics
| Total | Non-CKD | CKD group | Subtotal of CKD groups | P value* | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mild CKD | Moderate CKD | Severe CKD | |||||
| n = 241 | n = 87 | n = 93 | n = 43 | n = 18 | n = 154 | ||
| Age, y (mean ± SD) | 64.1 ± 21.7 | 50.2 ± 20.8 | 65.5 ± 19.2 | 82.2 ± 9.6 | 81.2 ± 10.2 | 72.0 ± 18.0 | <0.001 |
| Male, n (%) | 143 (59.3%) | 53 (60.9%) | 58 (62.4%) | 21 (48.8%) | 11 (61.1%) | 90 (58.4%) | 0.488 |
| BMI, kg/m2 (mean ± SD) | 19.0 ± 2.4 | 19.1 ± 2.0 | 19.1 ± 2.6 | 18.9 ± 2.7 | 18.3 ± 2.9 | 19.0 ± 2.6 | 0.517 |
| Body weight, kg (range) | 27.8–64.4 | 30.8–60.0 | 27.8–60.0 | 30.0–60.0 | 31.5–64.4 | 27.8–64.4 | – |
| Current or ex-smoker, n (%) | 99 (41.1%) | 38 (43.7%) | 41 (44.1%) | 13 (30.2%) | 7 (38.9%) | 61 (39.6%) | 0.438 |
| Past history of TB treatment, n (%) | 69 (28.6%) | 14 (16.1%) | 31 (33.3%) | 20 (46.5%) | 4 (22.2%) | 55 (35.7%) | 0.002 |
| Underlying disease | |||||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 77 (32.0%) | 30 (34.5%) | 28 (30.1%) | 14 (32.6%) | 5 (27.8%) | 47 (30.5%) | 0.907 |
| Pulmonary disease | 26 (10.8%) | 7 (8.0%) | 10 (10.8%) | 4 (9.3%) | 5 (27.8%) | 19 (12.3%) | 0.103 |
| Malignancy | 20 (8.3%) | 7 (8.0%) | 7 (7.5%) | 5 (11.6%) | 1 (5.6%) | 13 (8.4%) | 0.829 |
| Liver damage | 18 (7.5%) | 6 (6.9%) | 9 (9.7%) | 2 (4.7%) | 1 (5.6%) | 12 (7.8%) | 0.732 |
| Alcoholic liver disease | 3 (1.2%) | 1 (1.1%) | 2 (2.2%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (1.3%) | – |
| Hepatitis C virus | 3 (1.2%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (1.1%) | 2 (4.7%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (1.9%) | – |
| Autoimmune hepatitis | 2 (0.8%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (2.2%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (1.3%) | – |
| Hepatitis B virus | 1 (0.4%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (1.1%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (0.6%) | – |
| Others | 9 (3.7%) | 5 (5.7%) | 3 (3.2%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (5.6%) | 4 (2.6%) | – |
| Immunosuppressive drug use, n (%) | 33 (13.7%) | 8 (9.2%) | 11 (11.8%) | 12 (28.0%) | 2 (11.1%) | 25 (16.2%) | 0.027 |
| Sputum smear positive, n (%) | 210 (87.1%) | 78 (89.7%) | 82 (88.2%) | 41 (95.3%) | 9 (50.0%) | 132 (85.7%) | <0.001 |
| Cavitation on chest X-ray, n (%) | 105 (43.6%) | 54 (62.1%) | 36 (38.7%) | 11 (25.6%) | 4 (22.2%) | 51 (33.1%) | <0.001 |
| Laboratory data | |||||||
| WBC count, cells/mL (mean ± SD) | 7258 ± 2789 | 7492 ± 2440 | 7206 ± 2798 | 7121 ± 2612 | 6722 ± 4455 | 7126 ± 2968 | 0.705 |
| Lymphocyte, cells/mL (mean ± SD) | 1054 ± 619 | 1180 ± 654 | 1120 ± 609 | 819 ± 485 | 667 ± 495 | 983 ± 588 | <0.001 |
| Albumin, g/dL (mean ± SD) | 3.2 ± 0.8 | 3.4 ± 0.8 | 3.4 ± 0.7 | 2.9 ± 0.7 | 2.4 ± 0.9 | 3.1 ± 0.8 | <0.001 |
| Treatment regimen, n (%) | |||||||
| HREZ | 164 (68.0%) | 75 (86.2%) | 69 (74.2%) | 15 (34.9%) | 5 (27.8%) | 89 (57.8%) | < 0.001 |
| HRE | 77 (32.0%) | 12 (13.8%) | 24 (25.8%) | 28 (65.1%) | 13 (72.2%) | 65 (42.2%) | – |
| Treatment dosage, mg/kg (mean ± SD) | |||||||
| INH | 5.6 ± 0.5 | 5.5 ± 0.5 | 5.6 ± 0.5 | 5.6 ± 0.5 | 5.4 ± 0.5 | 5.6 ± 0.5 | 0.689 |
| RMP | 8.9 ± 1.2 | 8.8 ± 1.1 | 8.8 ± 1.1 | 9.3 ± 1.4 | 9.0 ± 1.4 | 9.0 ± 1.2 | 0.089 |
| EMB | 14.3 ± 1.8 | 14.3 ± 1.6 | 14.6 ± 1.7 | 14.6 ± 1.6 | 12.6 ± 2.9 | 14.3 ± 2.0 | <0.001 |
| PZA | 23.3 ± 2.3 | 23.2 ± 2.1 | 23.3 ± 2.1 | 24.0 ± 3.0 | 23.5 ± 4.5 | 23.4 ± 2.4 | 0.692 |
*One-way ANOVA or Chi-square test was used to compare for each parameter
BMI body mass index, CKD chronic kidney disease, EMB ethambutol, HRE isoniazid: rifampicin and ethambutol, HREZ isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol and pyrazinamide, INH isoniazid; min, minimum; max, maximum, PZA pyrazinamide, RMP rifampicin, SD standard deviation, TB tuberculosis, WBC white blood cell