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. 2019 May 2;17:40. doi: 10.1186/s12964-019-0352-4

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© The Author(s). 2019

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 4 — Sigmoidal concentration-response graphs for induction of ERK1/2 phosphorylation in SH-SY5Y cells. Absorbance values of different retinoid doses were measured at 570 nm. The average absorbance in three independent experiments are shown. Error bars indicate SEM. There was a statistical difference in the potency (EC₅₀) between ATRA and (A1120, CD2665, HX600, GZ25, DC329, DC440, DC472, DC476, TTNN), and the efficacy (E_max) between ATRA and (EC23, EC23Al, HX600, GZ25, DC122, DC271, DC303, DC360, DC440, DC472, DC476, DC479) calculated by the non-overlapping 95% CI