Table 4.
Comparison of CML and normalized CML concentration observed by HRAM MS with high-throughput sample preparation vs. LC-MS/MS with individual tube-based sample preparation.
| Mean (±SD) or median (IQR) in health | Mean (±SD) or median (IQR) in disease | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reference | Sample type | CML (μM) | Population information | CML (μM) | Population information |
| This study | Fasting EDTA plasma | 2.7 (±1.4)2.5 (2.0 to 3.2) | 1664 Caucasian Europeans aged 71–92, 444 with CVD | NA | NA |
| Gaens et al.24 | EDTA plasma and serum | 1.61 (±0.38) | 738 Individuals in the Dutch Hoorn Study | 1.77 (±0.45) | 532 Individuals in the Dutch CODAM study |
| Teerlink et al.1 | Plasma | 2.8 (±0.4) | 10 Healthy individuals | 7.26 (±1.36); 8.01 (±3.8) | 17 Individuals on haemodialysis; 9 individuals on peritoneal dialysis |
| Liew-A-Fa et al.5 | Plasma | 2.9 (1.7 to 4.4) | 31 Individuals with T1DM and normal eGFR (>80 mL/min) | 4.9 (2.0 to 12.6) | 29 Individuals with T1DM and decreased eGFR (<80 mL/min) |
|
Normalized CML (μM/M lysine) |
Normalized CML (μM/M lysine) |
||||
| This study | Fasting EDTA plasma | 69 (±34)65 (54 to 76) | 1664 Caucasian Europeans aged 71–92, 444 with CVD | NA | NA |
| Anwar et al.25 | Fasting EDTA | 158 (±26) | 21 Healthy children | 190 (±38) | 27 Children with autism spectrum disorder |
| Maessen et al.26 | Serum | 68 (56–76) | 18 Sedentary individuals | 80 (73 to 89) | 18 Athletes |
| De Courten et al.27 | Serum | NA | NA | 77.6 (±14) | 20 Overweight or obese individuals |
| Linssen et al.28 | Serum | 31.6 (27.4 to 37.3) | >200 Individuals in top tertile for diastolic function | 33.6 (28.5 to 38.7) | >200 Individuals in bottom tertile for diastolic function |
| Hanssen et al.29 | Plasma | 52.1 (46.1 to 59.6) | ∼70 Individuals in bottom tertile for AGE score | 80.4 (72.1 to 91.7) | ∼70 Individuals in top tertile for AGE score |
| Gopal et al.30 | EDTA plasma | 82.9 (±19.3) | 44 Ex-smokers | 61.6 (±15.6) | 88 Individuals with COPD |
| Hanssen et al.6 | Fasting EDTA plasma | 34 (29 to 39) | 733 Individuals without prior CVD | 33 (27 to 38) | 558 Individuals with prior CVD |
| Hull et al.4 | Fasting serum and plasma | Medians 132 to 140 | Single pool of 10 healthy individuals measured with different sample processing | NA | NA |
| Ga Van Eupen et al.31 | Fasting EDTA plasma | 92.5 (±15.7) | 169 Individuals without Diabetes | 104.6 (±19.4) | 165 Individuals with T1DM |
| Rabbani et al.32 | Plasma | NA | NA | 52 (±14) | 52 Individuals with T2DM and microalbuminuria |
| Engelen et al.33 | Plasma | NA | NA | 49.9 (±11.9) | 125 Individuals with T2DM and microalbuminuria |
| Thornalley et al.34 | Plasma | 21 (±5) | Five healthy controls | NA | NA |
AGE: Advanced glycation end-product; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CVD: cardiovascular disease; EDTA: ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; IQR: interquartile range; NA: not applicable; SD: standard deviation; T1DM: type 1 diabetes mellitus; T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus; CML: carboxymethyl lysine.