Table 1.
Patients with OCD | Unaffected first-degree relatives of OCD patients | Healthy comparison participants | Statistic | p | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | s.d. | Mean | s.d. | Mean | s.d. | |||
Demographical data | ||||||||
N | 117 | 50 | 130 | |||||
Mean age, years | 31.9 | 9.4 | 45 | 14.8 | 32.1 | 9.9 | F(2, 294) = 30.22 | 0.00 |
Gender (% female) | 53 | 64 | 58 | χ2(2) = 1.79 | 0.41 | |||
Verbal IQ | 103.2 | 10 | 106.5 | 9.6 | 104.8 | 9.4 | F(2, 294) = 2.17 | 0.12 |
Family history | ||||||||
Depressive disorders n in % | 45.3 | 54 | 21.5 | χ2(2) = 30.44 | <0.001 | |||
SUD n in % | 19.7 | 14 | 20.8 | χ2(2) = 17.70 | <0.001 | |||
Anxiety disorders n in % | 43.6 | 42 | 20.8 | χ2(2) = 17.70 | <0.001 | |||
Clinical data | ||||||||
Obsessive-compulsive inventory-revised | 27.32 | 12.17 | 5.78 | 6.12 | 3.85 | 3.87 | F(2,294) = 261.82 | <0.001 |
Beck depression inventory-II | 18.81 | 10.70 | 3.46 | 4.38 | 2.53 | 3.32 | F(2,294) = 169.30 | <0.001 |
State-trait-anxiety-inventory traita | 53.12 | 10.34 | 33.58 | 7.52 | 32.19 | 7.54 | F(2,288) = 191.21 | <0.001 |
Harm avoidant motivation (OC-TCDQ)a | 9.92 | 3.52 | 2.82 | 2.18 | 2.24 | 1.89 | F(2,288) = 271.80 | <0.001 |
Sense of incompleteness (OC-TCDQ)a | 15.20 | 5.40 | 5.08 | 3.79 | 4.39 | 3.27 | F(2,288) = 211.28 | <0.001 |
Yale-brown obsessive-compulsive scaleb | 23.27 | 9.49 | ||||||
Montgomery-Asberg depression rating scaleb | 13.23 | 9.24 | ||||||
Age of onsetb | 23.27 | 9.49 | ||||||
Performance datac | ||||||||
Error rate in % | 4.41 | 3.42 | 3.44 | 2.97 | 4.33 | 3.26 | F(2287) = 0.04 | 0.97 |
Reaction time for correct trials | 436 | 48 | 462 | 54 | 438 | 48 | F(2287) = 0.18 | 0.84 |
Reaction time for errors | 371 | 76 | 385 | 66 | 373 | 56 | ||
Robust post-error slowing | 40 | 45 | 52 | 60 | 39 | 47 | F(2287) = 0.28 | 0.76 |
s.d., standard deviation; OCD, obsessive-compulsive disorder; IQ, intelligence quotient; SUD, substance use disorders; OC-TCDQ, Obsessive-Compulsive Trait Core Dimensions Questionnaire.
State-Trait-Anxiety-Inventory and OC-TCDQ scores were missing for six OCD patients.
Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale, Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale and age of onset were only applicable in patients.
For performance data, age was included as a covariate to account for group differences. Further, performance data of six participants were missing due to technical problems (n = 2 OCD patients, n = 2 relatives, and n = 2 healthy comparison participants).