Table 3.
Univariable analysis of predictors of patient flow.
| Median (IQR) time in hours from: |
|||
|---|---|---|---|
| Admission to referral (N = 226) | Referral to endoscopy (N = 226) | Admission to endoscopy (N = 348) | |
| Age (years) | p<0.001 a | p = 0.539a | p = 0.069a |
| <55 | 5.7 (2.9–12.0) | 9.7 (3.8–20.2) | 20.5 (10.5–33.6) |
| 55–69 | 6.7 (3.2–14.6) | 5.9 (2.6–19.9) | 19.2 (9.2–28.9) |
| 70–79 | 10.1 (3.9–18.6) | 6.4 (3.2–25.2) | 21.9 (11.0–44.0) |
| 80+ | 14.4 (5.7–21.0) | 6.6 (3.6–23.4) | 22.5 (14.5–42.5) |
| Gender | p = 0.807 | p = 0.568 | p = 0.072 |
| Male | 7.9 (3.6–18.0) | 6.8 (3.2–22.0) | 20.3 (11.5–31.8) |
| Female | 9.5 (3.7–18.2) | 6.6 (3.0–23.6) | 23.2 (14.3–43.4) |
| Region | p = 0.217 | p = 0.124 | p = 0.493 |
| EM | 10.8 (3.7–18.8) | 6.1 (2.9–21.0) | 22.0 (15.0–32.3) |
| WM | 7.4 (3.7–15.6) | 9.7 (3.2–26.2) | 21.0 (11.3–38.8) |
| Admission | p<0.001 | p = 0.535 | p = 0.619 |
| Acute medicine | 3.7 (2.2–6.9) | 16.8 (3.7–22.7) | 21.6 (8.2–25.8) |
| Emergency department | 10.3 (4.4–18.3) | 6.2 (2.9–23.2) | 21.1 (12.0–38.3) |
| Arrival day | p = 0.410 | p = 0.012 | p = 0.770 |
| Weekday | 8.1 (3.6–17.0) | 8.3 (3.7–25.2) | 21.5 (11.9–33.2) |
| Weekend | 8.7 (3.9–21.9) | 4.3 (2.3–19.2) | 21.1 (12.0–44.3) |
| Arrival Time | p = 0.037 | p = 0.115 | p = 0.029 |
| Day | 6.5 (3.2–18.6) | 12.8 (3.2–23.6) | 23.6 (9.2–43.7) |
| Night (19:00 to 07:00) | 11.7 (7.1–16.3) | 4.7 (2.8–15.0) | 16.2 (12.6–32.3) |
| Variceal bleeding suspected | p = 0.032 | p = 0.009 | p = 0.001 |
| No | 9.3 (3.7–19.2) | 8.2 (3.7–24.5) | 22.3 (13.0–41.9) |
| Yes | 7.6 (2.3–11.9) | 3.9 (2.6–16.4) | 16.1 (7.1–27.0) |
| Antithrombotic therapy at arrival | p = 0.004 | p = 0.314 | p = 0.343 |
| No | 7.1 (3.4–15.9) | 6.8 (2.8–19.9) | 20.9 (11.7–32.3) |
| Yes | 11.9 (5.0–19.9) | 6.3 (3.6–25.4) | 22.3 (13.3–42.3) |
| Haemodynamically Unstable | p = 0.003 | p = 0.020 | p<0.001 |
| No | 9.2 (3.9–18.6) | 6.9 (3.1–23.4) | 22.3 (13.0–38.8) |
| Yes | 3.4 (1.5–10.2) | 3.9 (2.4–10.8) | 11.5 (5.8–17.6) |
| Shock index | p = 0.003 | p = 0.205 | p = 0.003 |
| ≤1 | 10.0 (4.0–19.6) | 7.1 (3.2–23.5) | 22.3 (13.3–42.3) |
| >1 | 5.4 (2.7–12.0) | 4.4 (2.7–19.9) | 16.5 (8.5–26.0) |
| GBS | p = 0.012 a | p<0.001 a | p<0.001 a |
| 0–6 | 11.7 (4.3–21.6) | 17.5 (4.3–28.8) | 26.4 (16.5–52.6) |
| 7–12 | 9.4 (3.9–18.0) | 6.5 (2.9–23.4) | 21.6 (12.5–40.7) |
| 13+ | 6.3 (2.8–14.4) | 4.1 (2.6–16.6) | 16.1 (7.9–23.9) |
| Major haemorrhagic stigmata on endoscopy | p = 0.006 | p<0.001 | p<0.001 |
| No | 10.1 (4.1–19.2) | 14.2 (3.8–26.2) | 24.0 (16.3–47.9) |
| Yes | 7.4 (2.2–12.0) | 4.0 (2.5–7.4) | 13.5 (7.0–22.9) |
| NBM ( < 1 hb) | p<0.001 | p = 0.015 | p<0.001 |
| No | 11.6 (5.0–21.6) | 8.3 (3.7–24.5) | 22.9 (15.1–45.2) |
| Yes | 5.4 (2.7–14.1) | 4.3 (2.6–17.7) | 15.4 (7.2–25.4) |
| Location of endoscopyc | p = 0.122 | p = 0.010 | p<0.001 |
| Endoscopy unit | 8.4 (3.7–18.1) | 6.9 (3.0–23.3) | 21.7 (12.6–38.3) |
| Theatres | 4.8 (1.6–8.4) | 2.8 (1.6–4.1) | 9.8 (4.3–16.6) |
p-values are from Mann-Whitney tests, unless stated otherwise, and bold p-values are significant at p<0.05.
a
p-Value from Spearman's rho, using the continuous version of the factor.
b
Within 1 h of arrival. WM: West Midlands, EM: East Midlands, GBS: Glasgow-Blatchford score, NBM: nil by mouth, IQR: Interquartile range.