Figure 3.

Long-term intensive lifestyle intervention enhances antioxidant capacity and reduces inflammation in DN patients. (A, B) Both IL-I and control groups exhibited increased SOD and reduced MDA at 3 and 6 months, but the increase was greater and more sustained in the IL-I group (P^a and P^b <0.05; P^c <0.01; P^ab and P^d >0.05; P^cd <0.05). (B) Both groups also demonstrated reduced MDA at 6 months, but the change was greater in the IL-I group (P^a and P^b <0.05, Pc <0.01, Pd and P^ab >0.05, P^cd <0.01). (C) Both groups showed reduced serum IL-6 at 3 and 6 months (P^a, P^b, and P^d <0.05; P^c <0.01; P^ab >0.05; P^cd <0.05). (D) Both groups exhibited a downward trend in plasma TNF-α, but the difference from baseline did not reach statistical significance (P^a, P^b, P^c, P^d, P^ab, and P^cd >0.05).