Table 4.
Characteristics of the studies that reported data on uncorrected presbyopia in adult’s ≥30 years
| First author and year of publication | Location | Study period | Study Design | Age group | Screening tools used | Screening done by | Definitions used | Subject locations (%) | Total no of persons | No of persons with uncorrected Presbyopia | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rural | Urban | M | F | T | M | F | T | ||||||||
| Nirmalan PK, 2006 | Andhra pradesh | 1996-2000 | Cross-sectional | ≥30 | LogMAR chart, light meter, streak retinoscope | Optometrist and ophthalmologisit | Presbyopia - an addition of at least 1.0D in any eye in addition to best corrected distance vision to improve near vision to at least N8. | 75 | 25 | 2595 | 2992 | 5587 | 1787 | 2120 | 2734 |
| Marmamula S, 2009 | Andhra pradesh | 1999-2000 | Cross-sectional -RARE | ≥30 | LogMAR tumbling E, multiple pinhole. Near vision using the N notation near vision chart at the customary working distance | Vision technician | Presbyopia binocular near vision <N8 at the subjects customary working distance and who had binocular distance VA of 6/12 or better | 100 | 0 | NR | 1082 | NR | 560 | ||
| He M, 2012 | Taminadu | NR | Cross-sectional | ≥35 | LogMAR near vision tumbling E chart | NR | Uncorrected binocular Near VI - VA <=20/40 (<N6); >20/40 (>N6); 20/40 to 20/63 (N8 - N10); <20/63 (<N10) | 73 | 27 | 1068 | 1563 | 2631 | NR | 1476 | |
| Marmamula S, 2012 | Andhra pradesh | June to Sep 2010 | Cross-sectional – RAVI | ≥40 | Snellen tumbling E chart, multiple pin hole and for Near vision, N notation chart at a fixed distance of 35-40 cm | Vision technician | Presbyopia binocular presenting near vision<N8 improving to >=N8 with correction and presenting distance VA of at least 6/18 in the better eye | 100 | 0 | 709 | 851 | 1560 | NR | 439 | |
| Marmamula S, 2013 | Andhra pradesh | NR | Cross-sectional - RAVI | ≥40 | Snellen tumbling E chart, pin hole and for Near vision, N notation tumbling E chart at a fixed distance of 35-40 cm | Vision technician | Presbyopia - unaided near vision worse than N8 improving to N8 or better with near addition lenses. Uncorrected (functional) presbyopia - binocular presenting near vision worse than N8 and improving to N* or better with near addition lenses | 100 | 0 | 1127 | 1321 | 2448 | 350 | 509 | 859 |
NR - Not reported