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. 2019 Apr 26;13:385. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00385

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Copyright © 2019 Viswam, Obien, Franke, Frey and Hierlemann.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Noise and signal-attenuation measurements of electrodes by using the CMOS HD-MEA. (A) For signal attenuation measurements, a sinusoidal signal at 1 kHz from a DS360 signal generator was applied to the phosphate buffer solution (PBS) through an internal reference electrode (RE), while the signal was acquired from different electrode types within the 11,011-electrode array as shown at the top. For noise measurements, the reference electrode was disconnected from the signal source, and a fixed potential was applied. The electrode-electrode interface noise was then amplified (AMP), filtered (F), and digitized (ADC) by using the internal voltage recording channels. (B) A Patch amplifier and pipette was used to generate point-source signals to evaluate the averaging effect of the electrodes of different sizes.