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. 2019 Apr 26;10:912. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00912

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Copyright © 2019 He, Zhao, Dai, Weng, Bian, Gong, Ge, Fang, Liu, Xu and Yin.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The elimination of microglia rescues the loss of postsynaptic mGluR6-positive elements and increases the number and length of ectopic RBC dendrites in RCS rats. (A) Confocal images of CtBP2- (green) and mGluR6-immunoreactive (red) puncta in the retinas of RCS rats and RCS rats treated with PLX3397 at P30. Yellow arrows indicate unpaired mGluR6-positive puncta. (B–E) Quantification of synaptic puncta or their apposition indicated that sustained microglia depletion reduced the loss of mGluR6-positive puncta and increased the proportion of mGluR6-positive puncta that were not paired with CtBP2-positive puncta; however, this depletion did not result in the alteration of colocalized puncta and presynaptic CtBP2-positive puncta (N = 3–5 eyes from different rats, n = 15–20 images from each eye). (F) Immunostaining for PKCα (green) and mGluR6 (red) in the retinas of RCS rats and RCS rats treated with PLX3397 at P30 and P40. White arrows indicate ectopic dendrites. (G,H) The number and length of ectopic RBC dendrites increased in the retinas of RCS rats and RCS rats treated with PLX3397 P30 and P40 in each field of view (213 × 213 μm) (N = 5 eyes from different rats, n = 7–12 images from each eye). (I) The proportion of mGluR6-positive ectopic RBC dendrites in each field of view (213 × 213 μm) of the retinas was not different between RCS rats and RCS rats treated with PLX3397 at P30 and P40 (N = 5 eyes from different rats, n = 7–12 images from each eye). ONL, outer nuclear layer; OPL, outer plexiform layer; INL, inner nuclear layer; GCL, ganglion cell layer. Scale bar, 5 μm (A,F). Bars represent means; error bars represent SD. ^**p < 0.01, ^***p < 0.001, ^****p < 0.0001 using two-way ANOVA (B–E,G–I).