Table 5.
Summary of the in vitro studies
| Experimental conditions | Effects | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| The mitochondrial fraction of rat liver was treated with 1% 2EH | Low inhibitory effect on the state 3 respiration | 143 |
| Adult rat hepatocytes were cultured for 48 h in the presence of 0.2 and 1 mmol/L 2EH | Increased numbers of peroxisomes | 144, 145 |
| Increased activities of carnitine acetyltransferase and 7‐ethoxycoumarin O‐deethylase (at 1 mmol/L) | ||
| Primary rat hepatocytes were cultured with 0‐0.5 mmol/L 2EH for 72 h | No effect on CN‐‐insensitive palmitoyl‐CoA oxidation | 146 |
| Cells of mice, rats, guinea pigs, and marmosets were cultured with 0.5 mmol/L 2EH for 72 h | Increased cyanide‐insensitive fatty acyl CoA oxidase activity in mice and rats | 147 |
| Rat Kupffer cells were cultured with 1.25‐3 mmol/L 2EH for 3 d | Increased intracellular calcium level at 3 mmol/L | 148 |
| Rat Kupffer cells were treated with 0.9 mmol/L 2EH | No effect on superoxide production | 149 |
| The cytosol of mouse and rat liver was treated with 15 mmol/L 2EH | Cytosolic GST was three times more potent in the mice than in the rats | 150 |
| Mouse liver was incubated with 0.25‐1.00 mmol/L 2EH | Significant inhibition of ADH activity but no appreciable effect on ALDH activity | 151 |
| Rat liver was incubated with 2.5‐15.0 mmol/L 2EH | Significant inhibition of the activities of aminopyrine N‐demethylase and aniline hydroxylase | 152 |
| Mice spleen cells were incubated with 10−8‐10−3 mol/L 2EH for 24 h | IL‐2 was induced in CD4 cells, but not in CD8 cells | 153 |
| Mice trigeminal ganglia neurons cells were incubated with 1‐10 mmol/L 2EH | Activation expressed TRPA1 in a concentration‐dependent manner | 154,155 |
| Perfused rat liver was incubated with 0.1‐3 mmol/L 2EH | Extensive cell damage due to lactose dehydrogenase leakage | 156 |
| Perfused rat liver was incubated with 200 µmol/L 2EH | The rate of ketone body production was decreased to about 60% | 117 |
| Mitochondria isolated from perfused rat livers were treated with 70 µmol/L and 3 mmol/L 2EH | Inhibition of the oxygen uptake in the periportal regions, but not in the centrilobular regions | 157, 158, 159 |