| AKULLIAN ET AL. [60] |
Kenya |
Smoothed map of circumcision in 2008 and 2014. |
484 (2008); 1649 (2014) |
Clear boundary in circumcision prevalence between traditionally circumcising areas in 2008, diminished in 2014 after VMMC program implementation. |
| BASSETT ET AL. [73] |
South Africa |
Compare the yield, geographic distribution and demographics of mobile vs clinic-based HIV testing services. |
5327 |
Mobile testers differed from clinic testers in age, gender, and distance travelled to test. HIV prevalence at mobile sites differed by type of venue. |
| COBURN ET AL. [38] |
Lesotho |
Map the density of HIV infection to compare coverage across districts under efficient vs. equitable resource allocation. |
7099 |
Majority of HIV-positive people live in low-density rural areas that would receive low coverage in optimally efficient resource allocation. Coverage would range from 4% to 94% if areas with 5 infected people per km2 (70% national coverage) were prioritized. |
| COOKE ET AL. [68] |
South Africa |
Comparison of median distance traveled for ART over time. |
7576 |
Median distance decreased from 34.2km to 3.1km when treatment was made available through all primary healthcare facilities. |
| HOUBEN ET AL. [76] |
Malawi |
Track changes in travel time to the nearest clinic providing ART and clinic actually attended as services expanded between 2005 and 2009. |
5411 |
Median travel time to the nearest and attended clinics fell, uptake increased, and the proportion not attending their nearest ART clinic increased slightly. |
| YAO AND MURRAY [82] |
Mozambique |
Compare current and optimized allocation of HIV testing sites to minimize population-weighted travel distances. Evaluate efficiency gains of adding or relocating services to new locations. |
53 clinics |
Optimization of 2009 services would improve average access distance by 24.4%. Clinics chosen for expanded or relocated services in areas of low testing rates. Optimization would relocate 12 clinics or expand to 11 new clinics. |
| YAO ET AL. [70] |
Mozambique |
Assess impact of expanding HIV services on access to and use of HIV testing with regression analysis and Kuldorff cluster detection. |
1025 |
Decentralization of services reduced variation in testing rates |
