Figure 7. Effects of the GABA receptor antagonist picrotoxin on swimming behavior.

(a) Frequency of spontaneous swims for control (vehicle only) and picrotoxin-treated larvae in dark conditions (i.e., 700 nm illumination). Each open circle represents a single tracked larva with the number of swim bouts in one minute presented. Also shown are the averages (red circles)±standard deviation. (b) Duration of spontaneous swims in seconds (s). Each circle is one swim bout recorded during a one-minute capture session. (c) Picrotoxin-treated larvae retain negative phototaxis. Bars show the averages of three trails and present the percentage of larvae in the side of the petri dish opposite the illumination (distal third of dish). (d) Dimming response is diminished in picrotoxin-treated larvae, and further diminished by cotreatment with picrotoxin and perampanel. Shown are the averages of three independent trials (37–99 larvae quantified per trial). Data shows the duration in seconds (s) of swims. (e) Tortuosity of sustained swims (>10 s) for control and picrotoxin-treated larvae. Data is presented as in panel a. *, p<0.05; **, p<0.01; ***, p<0.001.