Table 1. Characteristics of 39 studies were involved for the final analysis .
ID | Study, Year, Country | Sample Size | Treatment Groups and Specifications | TX. Interval | Pain Stimulation | DH Measurement | Follow-up Period | Results |
1 | Moosavi et al (2016), Iran | 66 patients |
Placebo LLRL Diode laser (660 nm InGaAlP, 200 mW, 15 s) LLIL Diode laser (810 nm GaAIAs, 200 mW, 15 s) |
1 | _ | VAS | 48 hours | 810-nm LLIL was significantly more effective than that of the 660-nm laser in DH reduction at 24 h after bleaching, although both laser groups experienced significantly lower pain level than the placebo after 48-h. |
2 | Soares et al (2016), UK |
23 patients (89 teeth) |
Placebo 2% neutral fluoride gel for 60 s. Nd:YAG laser (1, 10 Hz, 60 s) GaAlAs laser (40 mW; 4 J/cm2, 60 s) |
1 | _ | VAS | 1 week | All treatments provided adequate pain reduction immediately, but laser treatments resulted in significantly greater reductions in pain intensity. |
3 | Lee et al (2015), Korea | 102 patients |
Positive control: strontium chloride dentifrice (SC) 20% nano-carbonate apatite (n-CAP) Er,Cr:YSGG laser |
Tactile evaporative |
VAS ABS |
2 weeks | In spite of DH reduction in both treatment groups, laser had a superior desensitizing effect at the initial stage, whereas the n-CAP maintained its effect for a relatively longer time. | |
4 | Bal et al (2015), Turkey |
21 patients (156 teeth) |
Placebo Low-level laser (LLL) (685 nm diode laser, 25 mW, 100 s) Desensitizing paste (DP) 8% arginine-calcium carbonate Laser followed by DP (LLL+ DP) DP followed by laser (DP+ LLL) |
1 | Evaporative | VAS | 90 days | The application of either LLL or DP was effective in decreasing DH. However, their combined use did not improve the efficacy. |
5 | Suri et al (2016), India | 30 patients (20 teeth) |
5% NaF Diode laser (980 nm GaAlAs) Group I + group II Placebo |
1 |
Tactile evaporative |
VAS | 2 months |
In spite of DH reduction in all groups, 5% NaF varnish with DL showed the best results (P<0.001). G3>G2>G1 |
6 | Dantas et al (2016), Brazil | 86 teeth |
Fluoride varnish Diode laser (GaAlAs laser at a 4 J/cm2 dose) |
4 |
Tactile thermal |
VAS | 72 hours | In spite of DH reduction in both groups at last, the short term tx with Fluoride was more effective (P<0.001). |
7 | Yaghini et al (2015), Iran | 40 patients |
Laser toothbrush Non-laser toothbrush |
4 | Thermal | VAS | 2 months | In spite of DH reduction in both groups, laser toothbrush was more effective (P <0.05). |
8 | Moosavi et al (2015), Iran |
31 patients (62 teeth) |
Low-power red laser (630 nm, 28 mW, continuous wave, 60 s, 1.68 J) before resin composite restoration Placebo + resin composite restoration |
1 | Thermal | VAS | 30 days | Significantly greater DH reduction (P <0.05) in the laser than the placebo group was observed suggesting LLLT a suitable approach in class V restoration. |
9 | Lopes et al (2015), Brazil | 27 patients (55 teeth) |
Gluma Infrared Low-power laser (30 mW, 10 J/cm(2), 4 points, 9 s per point, 810 nm) Infrared Low-power laser (100 mW, 90 J/cm(2), 2 points, 11 s per point, 810 nm) Group I+ group II Group I + group III |
1 3 3 3 3 |
Evaporative tactile |
VAS | 2 months | All groups showed a reduction in DH (P<0.001). Gluma presented immediate effects. The combination of protocols is an interesting alternative in the treatment of cervical dentin hypersensitivity. |
10 | Yilmaz & Bayindir. (2014), Turkey |
20 patients (60 teeth) |
Er,Cr:YSGG laser at 0·25 W Er,Cr:YSGG laser at 0.5 W Placebo |
1 | Evaporative | VAS | Immediate | Both laser groups were effective for the tx of FH (P<0.001) according to VAS scores and tubuli occlusion in SEM; however, 0.5 W laser irradiation showed best results. |
11 | Ko et al (2014), South Korea | 96 patients |
635 nm per 6 mW laser-emitting toothbrush Placebo: 635 nm per 12·9 µW light-emitting diode (LED) toothbrush |
84 (3 times a day for 4 weeks) |
Evaporative | VAS | 4 weeks | In spite of DH reduction in both groups (P<0.05), this decrease was significantly greater in the test group with no noticeable side effects. |
12 | Hashim et al (2014), Sudan |
5 patients (14 teeth) |
Diode laser (810 nm) with exposure duration of 30 s Diode laser (810 nm) with exposure duration of 1 min |
2 | Tactile | VAS | 7 days | Diode laser was effective for the reduction of dentine hypersensitivity (P<0.001). |
13 | De Almeida Farhat et al (2014), Brazil | 16 patients |
LED LED-laser (300 mW/cm2) |
2 | _ | VRS | 6 months | LED-laser treatment was not able to prevent or reduce the sensitivity of teeth (P>0.05) and did not improve the efficacy of bleaching. |
14 | Raichur et al (2013), India | 45 patients |
Diode laser 0.4% stannous fluoride gel 5% potassium nitrate gel |
Evaporative | 6 months | All groups showed a reduction in DH (P= 0.0020). DL was not only the most effective, but also brought about improved immediate relief. | ||
15 | Lund et al (2013), Brazil |
13 patients (117 teeth) |
Placebo: carbomer 940 gel 2% sodium fluoride gel Low-level infrared diode laser |
4 4 3 |
Evaporative | VAS | 90 days | All groups were able to reduce DH (P<0.001), including placebo group, with no difference among them. |
16 | Lopes & Aranha (2013), Brazil |
24 patients (33 teeth) |
Gluma Nd:YAG Laser 1.5 W, 10 Hz, and 100 mJ, approximately 85 J/cm(2), 60 s Group I + group II |
1 |
Tactile Evaporative Thermal |
VAS | 6 months | All protocols were effective in reducing DH after 6 months (P<0.001); however, the association of Nd:YAG and Gluma Desensitizer is an effective treatment strategy that has immediate and long-lasting effects. |
17 | Flecha et al (2013), Brazil |
62 patients (434 teeth) |
(GaAlAs) infrared diode laser (795 nm,120 mW, 2.88 J/cm2, 8 s) Cyanoacrylate |
3 | Tactile | NRS | 180 days | Cyanoacrylate is as effective as low-intensity laser in reducing DH. In addition, it is a more accessible and low-cost procedure and can be safely used in the treatment of DH. |
18 | Femiano et al (2013), Italy |
24 patients (262 teeth) |
NaF Diode laser (808 nm-35 W) Group II + Group III Gluma desensitizer |
3 | Thermal | VAS | 6 months |
In spite of DH improvement in all groups, diode laser in association with NaF effectively reduced DH with a more immediate relief and longer lasting (P<0.001). |
19 | Mogharehabed et al (2012), Iran |
9 patients (60 teeth) |
Placebo 5% sodium fluoride varnish Nd: YAG laser (1 W, 20 Hz, 120 s) Group II + group III |
1 |
Evaporative Thermal |
VAS | 2 weeks | The use of 5% sodium fluoride varnish and laser for treatment of DH is accompanied by a placebo effect. The association of NaF and laser showed the best improvements. |
20 | Ehlers et al (2012), Germany | 22 patients |
Glutaraldehyde-based desensitizing system Er:YAG laser |
Evaporative | VAS | 6 months | Both laser and glutaraldehyde groups showed an effective and equal reduction of cervical dentin hypersensitivity (P<0.001). | |
21 | de Almeida et al(2012), Brazil | 40 patients |
Home bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide, 4 h/d 35% hydrogen peroxide, 10 minutes Quartz−tungsten−halogen light irradiation, 10 min LED/laser light irradiation, 10 min |
3 weeks 3 sessions 3 sessions 3 sessions |
_ |
Analog scale (0-10) |
180 days | Although all groups led to tooth sensitivity, light irradiated techniques showed more sensitivity in terms of both duration and intensity. |
22 | Aranha & Eduardo Cde. (2012), Brazil | 28 patients |
Placebo Er:YAG laser (2 Hz/32.4 mJ/5.9 J/cm(2)) Er,Cr:YSGG laser treatment (0.25 W/4.4 J/cm(2)) Er,Cr:YSGG laser treatment (0.50 W/ 8.9 J/cm(2)) |
1 |
Evaporative Tactile |
VAS | 1 month | With the evaporative stimulus, group II was associated with the lowest level of pain. With the mechanical stimulus, group IV showed the most pronounced decrease in pain immediately after treatment; however, after 4 weeks, pain levels had increased. |
23 | Yilmaz et al (2011), Turkey |
51 patient (174 teeth) |
Diode laser (GaAlAs laser at 8.5 J/cm2, 60 s) Er,Cr:YSGG laser (0.25 W, 20 Hz, 0% water and 10% air, 30 s) No treatment |
1 | Evaporative | VAS | 3 months | Compared to the control group, both Er,Cr:YSGG and GaAlAs lasers were effective in DH reduction immediately after the treatment (P <0.05) with no significant difference (P < 0.05). |
24 | Yilmaz et al (2011), Turkey |
48 patients (244 teeth) |
GaAlAs laser (810 nm, 500 mW, 60 s, 8.5 J/cm(2)) Placebo laser NaF varnish Placebo NaF varnish |
1 | Evaporative | VAS | 6 months | GaAlAs laser and NaF varnish treatments resulted in a significant reduction in the VAS scores immediately after treatments that were maintained throughout the study when compared to the baseline and placebo treatments. |
25 | Yilmaz et al (2011), Turkey |
42 patients (146 teeth) |
Er,Cr:YSGG laser (0.25W, 20 kHz, 30 s) Placebo |
1 | Evaporative | VAS + plaque index | 3 months | Er,Cr:YSGG laser had a significantly higher desensitizing effect compared with the placebo immediately after treatment (P <0.05). |
26 | Orhan et al (2011), Turkey |
16 patients 64 teeth |
Glutaraldehyde containing dentin desensitizer Low-level Diode laser (25-mW, 655 nm, 4 J/cm(2), 160 s) Distilled water Placebo laser |
1 6 1 6 |
Thermal evaporative |
VAS | 7 days | Pain scores of placebo groups were significantly higher than those of the desensitizer's and diode lasers (P < 0.05). Significant DH reduction was observed in 7 days with the use of the desensitizer and low-level laser therapy with no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05). |
27 | Kossatz et al (2011), Brazil | 30 patients |
Light-activated (LA) (LEDs with wavelength of 470 nm and three infrared Laser diodes with 830 nm and light intensity of 200 mW/cm, 1 min for 3 times) Non-activated |
2 | _ | 0-4 scale | 48 hours | The intensity of sensitivity was similar for both groups immediately after bleaching but significantly higher for the LA group 24 hours after each bleaching session (P=0.001). |
28 | Pesevska et al (2010), Macedonia | (30 teeth) |
Low-level diode laser (630–670 nm; 100 mW/cm2, 20 s) Topical Fluoride Varnish (Fluor Protector) |
3 | _ | VRS | 5 days | DH reduction by Laser was superior to Fluoride Varnish. Complete resolution of pain was achieved in 26.67% of group I, compared to 0 % in group II after the second visit, and 86.67% in group I compared to 26.67% in group II after the third visit. |
29 | Gurgan et al (2010), Turkey | 40 patients |
Bleaching twice without light activation Bleaching with a diode laser (810 nm, 10 W) activation for 3 times Bleaching treatment with a plasma arc lamp (400-490 nm, 2800 mV/cm(2)) for 3 times Bleaching twice with a light emitting diode (LED) lamp (400–500 nm) |
1 | _ | VAS | Immediate | Group II showed significantly lower tooth and gingival sensitivity scores than did the other groups (P<0.001). |
30 | Genovesi et al (2010), Italy | 15 patients |
Er:YAG (2940 nm) & CO2 lasers (10600 nm) + fluoride gel Placebo Er:YAG & CO2 lasers Fluoride gel + Placebo |
1 | Evaporative | VAS | Immediate | There were statistically significant differences between groups I and II. There were no statistically significant differences between groups III and IV. Er:Yag and CO2 lasers together with fluoride gel are useful in the treatment of dentine hypersensitivity. |
31 | Dilsiz et al (2010), turkey |
13 patients (52 teeth) |
GaAIAs Diode laser (100mw, 25 s, 808 nm) + desensitizer toothpaste Desensitizer toothpaste |
3 | Evaporative | VAS | 60 days | GaAIAs Diode laser plus desensitizer toothpaste group showed a higher degree of desensitization in teeth than did the control group (P<0.001). |
32 | Dilsiz et al (2010), turkey |
24 patients (96 teeth) |
Er:YAG laser (2,940 nm, 60 mJ/pulse, 2 Hz, 20 s) Nd:YAG laser (1,064 nm, 100 mJ/pulse, 15 Hz, 100 s) Diode laser (808 nm, 100 mW, 20 s) Placebo |
3 | Evaporative | VAS | 60 days | Significant reduction of DH occurred at all times for all groups. Nd:YAG laser was proved more effective in treatment of DH than the Er:YAG and diode lasers especially in 3-months results (P<0.001). |
33 | Sicilia et al (2009), Spain | 45 patients |
Diode laser (810 nm) + placebo gel Placebo laser + 10% potassium nitrate bio adhesive gel Placebo laser + placebo gel |
1 | Evaporative | VRS | 60 days | The DL and NK10% gel were proven effective in the treatment of DH. DL has shown efficacy in rapid and long-lasting DH reduction compared with placebo laser in periodontal patients. |
34 | Kara & Orbak. (2009), Turkey | 20 patients |
Nd:YAG laser (100 mJ, 20 Hz) Fluoride varnish |
1 | Evaporative | VAS | 4 weeks | Laser treatment resulted in significant improvements of discomfort immediately after treatment and after 1 week (P<0.001). However, the VAS scores at the 4-week examination were significantly lower in the fluoride group compared with those in the laser group (P<0.05). |
35 | Ipci et al (2009), Turkey |
50 patients (420 teeth) |
2% NaF CO(2) laser (1 W, 10 s) Er:YAG laser (30 Hz, 60 mJ,10 s) Group I + group II Group I + group III |
1 |
Thermal Evaporative |
VRS | 6 months | VRS scores were significantly lower for the other four treatments than for NaF gel alone (P +/- 0.001). No superiority was found for desensitization among the CO(2), Er:YAG, CO(2) + NaF, and Er:YAG + NaF groups. |
36 | Aranha et al (2009), Brazil | (101 teeth) |
Glumma Desensitizer Seal & Protect (SP) Oxa-gel (OG) Fluoride (F) Low intensity laser- LILT (660 nm/3.8 J/cm2/15 mW) |
1 1 1 1 3 |
Thermal Evaporative |
VAS | 6 months | OG and LILT showed significantly higher sensitivity immediately compared to Gluma Desensitizer and SP (P=0.0165). However, after 6 months, all therapies showed lower sensitivity compared with baseline presenting no statistically significant differences. |
37 | Tengrungsun & Sangkla. (2008), Thailand |
70 patients (140 teeth) |
GaAlAs laser (30 mW, 1 min) Dentin bonding agent |
1 | Tactile, thermal |
(0-4 degree scale) (Uchida criteria) |
30 days | A significant DH reduction after both treatments at all times was observed (P< 0.05). DH reduction by dentin bonding agent was significantly superior to GaAlAs laser (P< 0.05). |
38 | Marson et al (2008), Brazil | 40 patients |
35% Hydrogen Peroxide (HP) 35% HP + Halogen Curing Light XL 3000 (3M/ESPE) 35% HP + Demetron LED (Kerr) 35% HP + LED/LASER (Bio-art) |
2 | _ | VRS | 6 months | The recorded tooth sensitivity was similar in the number of patients and intensity. Tooth sensitivity occurred immediately following bleaching, but a higher degree of sensitivity was recorded after the second bleaching session, independent of the group evaluated. |
39 | Birang et al (2007), Iran |
9 patients (63 teeth) |
Nd:YAG laser (1 W, 15 Hz, 60 s, 2 times) Er:YAG laser (100 mJ, 3 Hz, 60 s, 2 times) Placebo |
1 | Tactile | VAS | 6 months | Both lasers, in spite of a placebo effect at short time, were so effective to decrease DH. Nd:YAG laser was more effective than Er:YAG laser in reduction of patients’ pain (P<0.0005). |