. 2018 Feb 20;58(3):1147–1158. doi: 10.1007/s00394-018-1629-x

Table 2.

Faecal pH and short chain fatty acids in faecal waters

mmol/L	MTD	NPWL	NPAAWL	HPWL	SED¹	P diet¹
pH	6.69^a	6.54^a,b	6.43^b	6.75^a	0.12	0.043
Total SCFA	140.44	125.87	120.47	112.53	12.29	0.15
Acetate	77.03	68.09	64.88	61.11	6.77	0.12
Propionate	24.58	22.57	23.00	21.80	2.25	0.66
Butyrate	28.55^a	25.72^a,b	22.06^a,b	19.16^b	3.29	0.034
Isobutyrate	2.60	2.57	2.72	2.90	0.32	0.71
Isovalerate	2.20	2.26	2.49	2.69	0.31	0.39
Total BCFA	4.80	4.83	5.21	5.59	0.63	0.55
Valerate	3.46	3.11	3.45	3.41	0.37	0.74
Lactate	1.76 (1.36; 2.28)	1.49 (1.15;1.92)	1.61 (1.24;2.08)	1.43 (1.11; 1.85)	na	0.39²
% of total SCFA
Acetate	55.75	55.23	53.63	54.90	1.30	0.420
Propionate	17.21^a	17.89^a,b	19.17^b,c	19.72^c	0.72	0.004
Butyrate	19.43^a	19.06^a	18.19^a	15.89^b	1.01	0.005
Isobutyrate	1.89^a	2.12^a,b	2.35^b,c	2.59^c	0.21	0.015
Isovalerate	1.62^a	1.90^a,b	2.17^b,c	2.39^c	0.23	0.009
Total BCFA	3.51^a	4.02^a,b	4.52^b,c	4.98^c	0.44	0.011
Valerate	2.50^a	2.49^a	2.89^b	2.94^b	0.19	0.028
Lactate	1.31 (0.95; 1.82)	1.24 (0.89;1.72)	1.38 (1.00;1.92)	1.39 (1.01; 1.93)	na	0.87²

Values are presented as means of 18 volunteers

¹Analysed by ANOVA with volunteer as random effect and diet as fixed effect. SED is standard error of the difference for comparing diet means. When the effect of diet was significant (P < 0.05), means were compared with post hoc t test. Means not sharing a superscript (a,b,c) are significantly (P < 0.05) different

²Data were log-transformed before analysis. Presented are backtransformed means and corresponding 95% confidence intervals