. 2019 Apr 27;126(5):623–636. doi: 10.1007/s00702-019-02002-2

Table 1.

Characteristics of studies reporting case–control data

First author, year of publication	Substance and computer-using subjects				Controls
	Dichotomization according to dependence criteria
	$n_{males}$	2D:4D_males (M ± SD)	$n_{females}$	2D:4D_females (M ± SD)	$n_{males}$	2D:4D_males (M ± SD)	$n_{females}$	2D:4D_females (M ± SD)	Subforms of addiction
Kornhuber et al. (2011)^a,e	87	0.952 ± 0.031	44	0.967 ± 0.03	83	0.976 ± 0.029	102	0.983 ± 0.032	Alcohol
Kornhuber et al. (2011)^b,e	87	0.949 ± 0.034	44	0.967 ± 0.031	83	0.967 ± 0.029	102	0.976 ± 0.03	Alcohol
Han et al. (2016)^a,e	87	0.934 ± 0.026	NA	NA	52	0.956 ± 0.031	NA	NA	Alcohol
Han et al. (2016)^b,e	87	0.942 ± 0.027	NA	NA	52	0.958 ± 0.029	NA	NA	Alcohol
Lenz et al. (2017)^a,c,e	103	0.956 ± 0.026	79	0.972 ± 0.031	133	0.962 ± 0.028	105	0.963 ± 0.031	Alcohol
Lenz et al. (2017)^b,c,e	103	0.956 ± 0.025	79	0.967 ± 0.031	133	0.97 ± 0.031	105	0.962 ± 0.033	Alcohol
Cicek et al. (2017)^a,d	62	0.96 ± 0.03	NA	NA	50	0.98 ± 0.05	NA	NA	Illegal drugs
Canan et al. (2018)^a,d	150	0.98 ± 0.03	NA	NA	266	0.99 ± 0.04	NA	NA	Illegal drugs
Canan et al. (2018)^b,d	150	0.98 ± 0.03	NA	NA	266	0.99 ± 0.04	NA	NA	Illegal drugs
Kornhuber et al. (2013)^a,e	27	0.967 ± 0.018	NA	NA	27	0.977 ± 0.025	NA	NA	Computer
Kornhuber et al. (2013)^b,e	27	0.966 ± 0.02	NA	NA	27	0.982 ± 0.025	NA	NA	Computer
Canan et al. (2017)^a,d	52	0.969 ± 0.028	50	1.017 ± 0.039	231	0.996 ± 0.033	319	1.001 ± 0.038	Computer
Canan et al. (2017)^b,d	52	0.978 ± 0.034	50	0.998 ± 0.036	231	0.993 ± 0.346	319	0.996 ± 0.038	Computer
Kim et al. (2018)^a,d	164	0.949 ± 0.03	49	0.981 ± 0.04	224	0.955 ± 0.03	216	0.985 ± 0.05	Computer

	Dichotomization not according to dependence criteria
	n _males	2D:4D_males (M ± SD)	$n_{females}$	2D:4D_females (M ± SD)	$n_{males}$	2D:4D_males (M ± SD)	$n_{females}$	2D:4D_females (M ± SD)	Subforms of addiction
Romero-Martínez et al. (2013)^a,e	74	0.95 ± 0.09	NA	NA	71	0.99 ± 0.04	NA	NA	Alcohol
Romero-Martínez et al. (2013)^b,e	74	1 ± 0.05	NA	NA	71	0.99 ± 0.07	NA	NA	Alcohol
Lenz et al. (2018b)^a,c,d	580	0.985 ± 0.035	530	0.99 ± 0.037	355	0.993 ± 0.035	459	0.992 ± 0.034	Alcohol
Lenz et al. (2018b)^b,c,d	580	0.985 ± 0.036	530	0.988 ± 0.038	355	0.992 ± 0.035	459	0.991 ± 0.036	Alcohol
Borkowska et al. (2013)^a,d	111	0.979 ± 0.03	117	1 ± 0.034	119	0.981 ± 0.029	108	0.996 ± 0.033	Nicotine
Borkowska et al. (2013)^b,d	111	0.992 ± 0.035	117	1.006 ± 0.03	119	0.991 ± 0.031	108	0.996 ± 0.033	Nicotine
Park et al. (2014)^a,d	69	0.953 ± 0.031	NA	NA	93	0.956 ± 0.038	NA	NA	Nicotine
Canan et al. (2018)^a,d	77	0.991 ± 0.036	NA	NA	189	0.996 ± 0.044	NA	NA	Nicotine
Canan et al. (2018)^b,d	77	0.986 ± 0.056	NA	NA	189	0.991 ± 0.041	NA	NA	Nicotine

^aRight 2D:4D

^bLeft 2D:4D

^cAuthors contacted for this data

^dNo tissue deformation when measuring 2D:4D

^eTissue deformation when measuring 2D:4D