Table 2.
Factors associated with helminth infection among schoolchildren in the endemic area of Guragae zone, Southern Ethiopia, 2017
| Variables | Total, N (%) | Helminth infection | COR (95% CI) | P | AOR (95% CI) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Positive, N (%) | Negative, N (%) | ||||||
| Water for drinking | |||||||
| From tap | 539 (90.2) | 114 (21.2) | 425 (78.8) | 1 | |||
| Protected well | 45 (7.5) | 13 (28.8) | 32 (71.2) | ||||
| From river | 11 (2.3) | 2 (18.1) | 11 (81.9) | 4 | 0.99 | ||
| Water for washing raw food and vegetables | |||||||
| From tap | 380 (63.6) | 67 (17.6) | 313 (82.4) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Unprotected well | 62 (10.3) | 14 (22.5) | 48 (77.5) | 2.1 (1.3–3.3) | 0.001* | 0.35 (0.1–0.8) | 0.9 |
| Protected well | 9 (1.5) | 2 (22.2) | 7 (77.8) | 1.5 | 0.196 | 1.03 (0.1–3.5) | 0.5 |
| From the river | 146 (24.6) | 46 (31.5) | 100 (68.5) | 1.6 | 0.562 | 2.4 (0.16–0.75) | 0.008* |
| Fingernail status | |||||||
| Trimmed | 285 (47.7) | 57 (20.0) | 228 (80.0) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Untrimmed | 312 (52.3) | 72 (23.1) | 240 (76.7) | 4 | 0.15 | 4.5 (0.3–1.2) | 0.22 |
| Shoe wearing habit | |||||||
| Always | 588 (98.4) | 128 (21.4) | 460 (78.6) | 0.61 | 0.5 | ||
| Sometimes | 9 (1.6) | 1 (11.1) | 8 (88.9) | 1 | |||
| Hand washing habit after defecation | |||||||
| Always | 347 (58.1) | 78 (22.4) | 256 (77.6) | 1 | |||
| Sometimes | 250 (40.9) | 51 (20.4) | 202 (79.6) | 1.01 | 0.9 | ||
| Hand washing habit before eating meal | |||||||
| Always | 218 (36.5) | 51 (23.4) | 167 (76.6) | 0.001 | 0.9 | ||
| Sometimes | 379 (63.5) | 78 (20.5) | 301 (79.5) | 1 | |||
| Latrine availability | |||||||
| Yes | 566 (94.8) | 121 (21.4) | 445 (78.6) | 1 | |||
| No | 31 (5.2) | 8 (25.8) | 23 (74.2) | 1.29 | 0.56 | ||
| Latrine type | |||||||
| Flush latrine | 94 (15.7) | 23 (24.5) | 71 (75.5) | 1 | |||
| Pit Latrine | 503 (84.3) | 106 (17.8) | 397 (82.2) | 1.23 | 0.4 | ||
| Latrine utilization | |||||||
| Latrine | 490 (82.1) | 103 (21.1) | 387 (78.9) | 1 | |||
| Open filled | 107 (17.9) | 26 (24.2) | 81 (75.8) | 1.22 | 0.4 | ||
| Bathing place | |||||||
| Home | 341 (57.1) | 83 (24.3) | 253 (75.7) | 1 | 1 | ||
| River | 179 (29.9) | 28 (15.6) | 151 (84.4) | 1.9 (1.1–2.1) | 0.009* | 2.14 (0.3–0.9) | 0.04* |
| Others | 77 (13.0) | 12 (15.5) | 62 (84.5) | 1.79 | 0.84 | ||
| Habit on soil playing | |||||||
| Yes | 315 (52.7) | 122 (20.4) | 249 (79.6) | 1 | |||
| No | 282 (47.3) | 43 (15.2) | 219 (84.8) | 0.56 | 0.77 | ||
| Nail biting habit | |||||||
| No | 315 (52.7) | 71 (22.5) | 244 (77.5) | 1 | |||
| Some times | 282 (47.3) | 58 (20.5) | 224 (79.5) | 2.1 | 0.21 | 1.3 (0.3–1.66) | 0.1 |
COR crude odds ratio, AOR adjusted odds ratio, CI confidence interval, P P value, N number
*Statistically significant at P < 0.05