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. 2019 May 4;20:193. doi: 10.1186/s12891-019-2566-4

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© The Author(s). 2019

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 8 — Migration of chondrocytes under cLIUS and cytokines as measured in scratch assays. a The figure depicts phase contrast micrographs of the scratch area of chondrocytes at 12, 48 and 72 h (n = 3 scratch areas in 3 separate wells, 5× magnification; scale bar = 100 μm) in the presence or absence of IL-6 or TNFα under cLIUS at 14 kPa (5 MHz, 2.5 Vpp) for 20 min. Non-cLIUS-stimulated chondrocytes served as control (n = 3 scratch areas in 3 separate wells). Percentage scratch area closed by migrating chondrocytes at 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h normalized to the wound area at 0 h under no cytokine (b), IL-6 (c) and TNFα (d) were quantified by ImageJ software. Data represented as mean ± 95% confidence interval