Table 2.

Results of baseline analyses for primary and exploratory outcome parameters between groups

Parameters	Control group (n = 20)	HIV group (n = 10)	Effect size (95% CI)b	P value
	Adjusted meansa	Adjusted meansa
Primary outcome parameters
Regular T2 values
Global knee T2	32.71 ± 0.43	32.90 ± 0.60	0.19 (−1.35, 1.73)	0.801
Laminar T2 values
Global bone layer T2	29.92 ± 0.37	30.14 ± 0.52	0.22 (− 1.10, 1.54)	0.737
Global articular layer T2	34.85 ± 0.50	36.03 ± 0.71	1.17 (−0.62, 2.97)	0.188
Texture parameters
Global knee contrast	304.98 ± 16.45	307.59 ± 23.27	2.61 (− 56.39, 61.61)	0.928
Global knee variance	223.60 ± 11.76	224.22 ± 16.64	0.61 (−41.57, 42.79)	0.976
Global knee entropy	6.29 ± 0.04	6.40 ± 0.05	0.11 (− 0.03, 0.25)	0.124
Exploratory outcome parameters
WORMS scores
Cartilage sum score	4.15 ± 0.49	3.15 ± 0.69	−1.00 (− 2.65, 0.66)	0.238
Meniscus sum score	2.58 ± 0.44	1.68 ± 0.62	−0.90 (− 2.40, 0.60)	0.241
BMEPs sum score	2.60 ± 0.38	1.86 ± 0.53	−0.74 (− 2.02, 0.54)	0.260
Subchondral cysts sum score	2.15 ± 0.30	0.65 ± 0.42	−1.51 (−2.51, −0.50)	0.003
Effusion score	0.05 ± 0.04	0.25 ± 0.06	0.20 (0.05, 0.35)	0.009
Ligament sum score	0.45 ± 0.15	0.31 ± 0.21	−0.14 (−0.66, 0.37)	0.590
IPFP and SPFP signal abnormalities
IPFP signal abnormalities (size)	0.78 ± 0.13	1.39 ± 0.19	0.62 (0.16, 1.07)	0.008
IPFP signal abnormalities (SI)	1.30 ± 0.17	1.55 ± 0.24	0.24 (−0.34, 0.83)	0.409
SPFP signal abnormalities (SI)	1.35 ± 0.11	1.80 ± 0.16	0.45 (0.09, 0.81)	0.015

^a adjusted means were expressed as mean ± SD. ^b effect size for difference in each parameter between groups, with (95% confidence intervals, CI) provided. Adjusted means and effect size were corrected for age, sex, race and baseline BMI and K&L grades. P values < 0.05 were in bold, indicating significant difference between two groups in corresponding score. BMEP bone marrow edema pattern, IPFP infrapatellar fat pad, SPFP suprapatellar fat pad, SI signal intensity