Table 1.

Details of interventions aiming at active involvement of the GP during treatment with curative intent

Reference, Country	Population n=number, Cancer origin, Stage	Timing of: Inclusion, Intervention, Follow-up	Nature of the intervention and comparison groups
Drury et al 25 UK	n=650 60% ♀ MAM (33%), LUN, GI, GYN, URO, H&N, other (13%); Cancer stage not specified. 59 patients died ≤3 months from baseline, which may reflect inclusion of patients with advanced disease.	Inclusion During any RT clinic visit Time after diagnosis not specified Intervention On enrolment Follow-up 3 months	UC and intervention vs UC Patients received a PHR Initiative GP contact: Patient PHR: A4 size plastic wallet content: Communication sheets for use by patient, family care givers and healthcare professionals. Medication records and appointment and contact details. An explicit invite to caregivers to use the PHR. Patients were instructed to: Use the PHR as an aide memoire and means of communication. Show it to anyone involved in their care.
Bergholdt et al Hansen et al 18–21 Denmark	n=955 72% ♀ MAM (43%), LUN, GI, other (19%), MEL Cancer stage unknown, no deceased	Inclusion Cancer diagnosis<3 months Intervention On enrolment Follow-up 14 months	Intervention vs UC Rehabilitation primary care programme Initiative GP contact: Healthcare worker Rehabilitation primary care programme consisting of: Patient interview by rehabilitation coordinator (nurses) on physical, psychological, sexual, social, work-related and economy-related rehabilitation needs. RC presents patient individual and general patients with cancer rehabilitation needs to GP. RC encouraged GP to proactive contact patient to facilitate a rehabilitation process.
Johansson et al 23 Sweden	n=463 57% ♀ MAM (47%), GI, PRO 22% with advanced disease.	Inclusion Newly diagnosed patients (<3 months after diagnosis) Intervention On enrolment Follow-up 3 months	Intervention vs UC Intensified primary care programme Initiative GP contact: Healthcare worker Individual support intervention consisting of: Intensified primary healthcare by means of recruitment of a home care nurse. Education and supervision in cancer care for both GP and home care nurse. Active involvement of dietician and psychologist care.
Johnson et al 26 Australia	n=97 Stopped early (slow accrual); underpowered for the main analysis. 86% ♀ MAM (76%), HEM, GYN, GI Cancer stage 3.3% palliative	Inclusion During first course of CT Intervention First through last course of CT Follow-up 6 cycles of CT	UC and intervention vs UC (discharge summary) Shared care programme+PHR Initiative GP contact: Patient PHR content: Chemo schedule, appointments and medication information. Communication pages for specialist and GP. Patients received: A PHR Instruction to visit their GP routinely after every course of CT (patient initiative). GPs received: Educational resources about adverse treatment effects and apt solutions. Encouragement to use the communication page in PHR. A project coordinator (a trial nurse) was appointed to facilitate communication between patient, GP, specialist and researchers.
Luker et al 24 UK	n=79 100% ♀ MAM (100%) Cancer stage 100% curative	Inclusion <4 weeks after diagnosis Intervention At start of treatment Follow-up 4 months	UC and intervention vs UC Patients received information cards Initiative GP contact: Patient Information card content: Rationale for patient-specific treatment; prognostic indicators, complications, side effects and referral indicators. Patients received: Informational cards to provide rapid access to treatment-specific information for members of the primary healthcare team. Encouragement to contact their primary healthcare team and show the information cards.
Nielsen et al 16 Kousgaard et al 17 Denmark	N = 248 64% ♀ MAM(39%), GI, GER, GYN, H&N, LUN, others (16%), MEL Cancer stage 15% palliative	Inclusion Newly diagnosed patients Intervention From referral onwards; during treatment Follow-up 6 months	UC and intervention vs UC Shared care programme Initiative GP contact: Patient Oncologists provided GP with a discharge summary with: Specific disease, treatment and prognosis information. Expected physical, psychological and social effects of treatment. Expected role of the GP. Contact information of all involved medical personnel. Patients received: Oral and written notification about the information provided to their GP. Encouragement to contact their GP when facing problems they assumed could be solved in this setting.

CT, chemotherapy; GER, germinal cell; GI, gastrointestinal tract; GP, general practitioner; GYN, gynaecological; HEM, haematological; H&N, head and neck; LUN, lung; MAM, mamma; MEL, melanoma; PHR, patient held record; PRO, prostate; RC, rehabilitation coordinator; RT, radiotherapy; UC, usual care; UK, United Kingdom; URO, urogenital; vs, versus.