Table 4.
Single factor analysis of catastrophic health expenditure in patients
| Variables | Experiencing CHE (n, %) | Not experiencing CHE (n, %) | OR (95% CI) | χ2 | P value |
| Patient delay | |||||
| No | 265 (47.0) | 299 (53.0) | 1.0 | ||
| Yes | 368 (58.0) | 267 (42.0) | 1.555 (1.238 to 1.954) | 14.415 | 0.000 |
| Diagnostic delay | |||||
| No | 332 (48.6) | 351 (51.4) | 1.0 | ||
| Yes | 301 (58.3) | 215 (41.7) | 1.480 (1.175 to 1.864) | 11.153 | 0.001 |
| Sex | |||||
| Female | 151 (41.9) | 209 (58.1) | 1.0 | ||
| Male | 482 (57.4) | 357 (42.6) | 1.869 (1.455 to 2.400) | 24.300 | 0.000 |
| Age (years) | |||||
| ≤40 | 200 (37.6) | 332 (62.4) | 1.0 | ||
| 41–59 | 242 (60.2) | 160 (39.8) | 2.511 (1.925 to 3.275) | 46.936 | 0.000 |
| ≥60 | 191 (72.1) | 74 (27.9) | 4.285 (3.109 to 5.904) | 84.156 | 0.000 |
| Resident status | |||||
| Migrant | 129 (36.8) | 222 (63.2) | 1.0 | ||
| Inhabitant | 504 (59.4) | 344 (40.6) | 2.521 (1.951 to 3.259) | 51.246 | 0.000 |
| Marital status | |||||
| Single | 133 (39.1) | 207 (60.9) | 1.0 | ||
| Married | 450 (56.7) | 344 (43.3) | 2.036 (1.571 to 2.638) | 29.377 | 0.000 |
| Divorced/widow | 50 (76.9) | 15 (23.1) | 5.188 (2.800 to 9.613) | 31.488 | 0.000 |
| Educational level | |||||
| Primary or below | 277 (72.5) | 105 (27.5) | 1.0 | ||
| Junior high | 190 (53.4) | 166 (46.6) | 0.434 (0.319 to 0.589) | 29.058 | 0.000 |
| High school and above | 166 (36.0) | 295 (64.0) | 0.213 (0.159 to 0.286) | 111.600 | 0.000 |
| Occupation | |||||
| Unemployed | 139 (46.0) | 163 (54.0) | 1.0 | ||
| Employed | 128 (39.1) | 199 (60.9) | 0.754 (0.549 to 1.036) | 3.044 | 0.081 |
| Peasant | 261 (73.9) | 92 (26.1) | 3.327 (2.396 to 4.519) | 53.331 | 0.000 |
| Student | 37 (38.5) | 59 (61.5) | 0.735 (0.460 to 1.176) | 1.654 | 0.198 |
| Retiree | 68 (56.2) | 53 (43.8) | 1.505 (0.984 to 2.300) | 3.577 | 0.059 |
| Family size | |||||
| 1–3 | 479 (54.0) | 408 (46.0) | 1.0 | ||
| 4–8 | 154 (49.4) | 158 (50.6) | 0.830 (0.641 to 1.075) | 1.997 | 0.158 |
| Health insurance status | |||||
| None | 47 (36.2) | 83 (63.8) | 1.0 | ||
| NCMS | 351 (64.1) | 197 (35.9) | 3.146 (2.113 to 4.685) | 31.853 | 0.000 |
| MIUR | 111 (48.3) | 119 (51.7) | 1.647 (1.059 to 2.561) | 4.910 | 0.027 |
| MIUE | 109 (43.8) | 140 (56.2) | 1.675 (0.888 to 2.128) | 2.042 | 0.153 |
| Other insurance plan | 15 (35.7) | 27 (64.3) | 0.981 (0.475 to 2.027) | 0.003 | 0.959 |
| Hospitalisation | |||||
| No | 517 (51.3) | 491 (48.7) | 1.0 | ||
| Yes | 116 (60.7) | 75 (39.3) | 1.469 (1.071 to 2.014) | 5.746 | 0.017 |
| Forms of TB | |||||
| Smear-negative PTB | 480 (53.8) | 412 (46.2) | 1.0 | ||
| Smear-positive PTB | 153 (49.8) | 154 (50.2) | 0.853 (0.658 to 1.105) | 1.448 | 0.229 |
CHE, catastrophic health expenditure; MIUE, Medical Insurance for Urban Employees; MIUR, Medical Insurance for Urban Residents; NCMS, New Cooperative Medical Scheme; PTB, pulmonary TB; TB, tuberculosis.