Table 2.
Hospital Characteristics Stratified by Quartile of Reliability-Adjusted Rate of Completing the 1-Hour Bundle Within 1 Houra
| Characteristic | Quartiles of the Probability of Completing the 1-h Bundle in 1 h | All | P Valueb | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First (Lowest) | Second (Below Median) | Third (Above Median) | Fourth (Highest) | |||
| No. of hospitals | 13 | 14 | 14 | 13 | 54 | |
| No. of patients | 245 | 89 | 159 | 686 | 1179 | .006 |
| Predicted rate of completing the 1-h bundle in 1 h, median (IQR) | 15.0 (15.0-17.5) | 22.5 (22.5-22.6) | 27.8 (24.0-28.5) | 37.4 (32.7-44.5) | 32.7 (22.5-37.5) | |
| First serum lactate level, median (IQR), mmol/L | 2.2 (1.3-4.0) | 2.0 (1.3-3.3) | 1.9 (1.2-3.5) | 2.1 (1.3-3.7) | 2.1 (1.3-3.7) | .72 |
| Crude in-hospital mortality, No. (%) | 29 (11.8) | 10 (11.2) | 26 (16.4) | 74 (10.8) | 139 (11.8) | .28 |
| Length of stay, median (IQR), h | 192 (110-442) | 248 (99-364) | 265 (142-529) | 244 (117-529) | 235 (118-496) | .07 |
| No. of hospital beds, median (IQR) | 528 (388-639) | 364 (299-530) | 453 (266-825) | 450 (375-603) | 453 (321-639) | .75 |
| Teaching facility, No. (%)c | ||||||
| No | 2 (15.4) | 3 (21.4) | 1 (7.1) | 0 (0) | 6(11.1) | .42 |
| Yes | 11 (84.6) | 11 (78.6) | 13 (92.9) | 13 (100.0) | 48 (88.9) | |
| No. of pediatric hospital beds, median (IQR) | 22 (15-28) | 20 (12-32) | 23 (14-46) | 38 (22-60) | 24 (15-39) | .32 |
| Pediatric ICU present, No. (%) | 7 (53.8) | 6 (42.9) | 7 (50.0) | 9 (69.2) | 29 (53.7) | .59 |
| No. of pediatric ICU beds, median (IQR) | 7 (4-18) | 6 (5-8) | 8 (4-23) | 10 (8-15) | 8 (5-16) | .57 |
| Pediatric specialty care services, No. (%) | ||||||
| Cardiac catheterization | 2 (15.4) | 1 (7.1) | 3 (21.4) | 4 (30.8) | 10 (18.5) | .43 |
| Cardiac surgery | 2 (15.4) | 1 (7.1) | 3 (21.4) | 5 (38.5) | 11 (20.4) | .24 |
Abbreviations: ICU, Intensive care unit; IQR, interquartile.
a
Reliability adjustment is an application of hierarchical modeling that uses empirical Bayes techniques to quantify and remove the statistical bias associated with small sample sizes.
b
P values compare across quartiles of reliability-adjusted rates.
c
Teaching hospital defined by New York State Department of Health using graduate medical education codes on Medicaid claims, verified by the Office of Primary Care and Health Systems Management and the Department of Education.