Table 2. Index system and transformity of the elements affecting the Dongying-Binzhou urban area.
| Type | Item | Unit | Transformity (Sej/unit) | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Renewable resources | Solar | J | 1 | Odum (1996) |
| Rainfall (chemical) | J | 3.05E+04 | Odum (2000) | |
| Rainfall (potential) | J | 4.70E+04 | Odum (2000) | |
| Wind energy | J | 2.45E+03 | Odum (2000) | |
| Wave energy | J | 5.10E+04 | Odum (2000) | |
| Tidal energy | J | 7.39E+04 | Odum (1996) and Odum (2000) | |
| River (chemical) | J | 8.10E+04 | Odum (2000) | |
| River (potential) | J | 4.70E+04 | Odum (2000) | |
| Earth cycle | J | 5.80E+04 | Odum (2000) | |
| Livestock products | J | 3.36E+06 | Brown & Herendeen (1996) | |
| NPP | J | 3.36E+05 | Wang et al. (2016) | |
| Aquatic products | J | 3.36E+06 | Brown & Mcclanahan (1992) | |
| Non-renewable resources | Topsoil loss | J | 7.40E+04 | Brown & Bardi (2001) |
| Soil loss | J | 1.68E+09 | Odum (1996) | |
| Raw coal | J | 6.72E+04 | Odum (1996) | |
| Natural gas | J | 5.88E+04 | Romitelli (2000) | |
| Crude oil | J | 5.04E+04 | Odum (1996) | |
| Gasoline | J | 1.86E+05 | Romitelli (2000) | |
| Diesel | J | 1.86E+05 | Odum (1996) | |
| Fuel oil | J | 6.25E+04 | Odum (1996) | |
| Electricity | J | 1.60E+05 | Brandt-Williams (2001) | |
| Waste | Water | gallon | 8.77E+11 | Nelson et al. (2001) |
| Solid | J | 1.80E+06 | Jiang et al. (2009) | |
| Input | Foreign investment | $ | 7.99E+12 | Jiang et al. (2009) |
| Domestic input | J | 6.72E+04 | Jiang et al. (2009) | |
| Imported goods and services | $ | 7.99E+12 | Jiang et al. (2009) | |
| Travel | $ | 3.81E+12 | Odum (1996) | |
| Output | Investment output | $ | 9.71E+12 | Odum (2000) |
| Exported goods and services | $ | 9.71E+12 | Odum (2000) |
Notes.
a
NPP: Net Primary Production.
b
J: The unit of joule.
c
$: The unit of dollar.