Table 3.
Unadjusted and Adjusted ORs (95% CI) for PE and FGR by 1 SD Higher Cortisol-to-Cortisone Ratio Measured at Different Time Points in Pregnancy Confined to Women Who Were Documented As Not Having Received Steroids Antenatally
| Approximate Gestation of Measurement, wkGA | PEa | FGRb | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Preterm | Term | Preterm | Term | |||||
| Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted ORc (95% CI) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted ORc (95% CI) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted ORc (95% CI) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted ORc (95% CI) | |
| 12 | 0.70 (0.37–1.33) n/N = 12/248 | 0.57 (0.28–1.16) n/N = 12/248 | 1.15 (0.91–1.44) n/N = 113/331 | 1.12 (0.88–1.43) n/N = 113/331 | 1.00 (0.59–1.68) n/N = 15/251 | 0.97 (0.56–1.69) n/N = 15/251 | 1.15 (0.93–1.42) n/N = 120/328 | 1.13 (0.90–1.42) n/N = 120/328 |
| 20 | 0.59 (0.26–1.32) n/N = 9/253 | 0.59 (0.25–1.41) n/N = 9/253 | 1.02 (0.81–1.29) n/N = 113/339 | 1.06 (0.84–1.35) n/N = 113/339 | 0.91 (0.52–1.61) n/N = 15/259 | 0.95 (0.52–1.73) n/N = 15/259 | 1.00 (0.79–1.26) n/N = 119/335 | 1.06 (0.83–1.36) n/N = 119/335 |
| 28 | 0.22 (0.08–0.66)e n/N = 9/246 | 0.10 (0.02–0.51)e n/N = 9/246 | 0.54 (0.41–0.71)d n/N = 112/330 | 0.54 (0.41–0.71)d n/N = 112/330 | 0.71 (0.37–1.35) n/N = 12/249 | 0.71 (0.35–1.41) n/N = 12/249 | 1.00 (0.80–1.26) n/N = 117/325 | 0.98 (0.77–1.25) n/N = 117/325 |
| 36f | 0.42 (0.31–0.57)d n/N = 99/315 | 0.41 (0.30–0.57)d n/N = 99/315 | 1.09 (0.86–1.39) n/N = 114/320 | 1.14 (0.89–1.47) n/N = 114/320 | ||||
Diagnosed according to ACOG Guidelines (24) and divided into preterm (delivery <37 wkGA) and term (delivery ≥37 wkGA) outcomes. Cases of PE included all severe and nonsuperimposed, nonsevere PE.
Divided into preterm (delivery <37 wkGA) and term (delivery ≥37 wkGA) outcomes. Cases of FGR at term include severe SGA (birth weight less than third customized percentile) and SGA with growth restriction (birth weight <10th customized percentile and reduced growth velocity of the abdominal circumference on serial ultrasound scans) without PE. Cases of preterm FGR include SGA (birth weight <10th percentile) with preterm delivery and without PE.
ORs adjusted for antenatal height, age, BMI, marital status, ethnicity, smoking, age at leaving FTE, and deprivation. In the analysis of preterm PE, the adjustments for ethnicity and smoking were omitted, as these variables predicted the outcome perfectly.
P < 0.001
P < 0.05
The 36-wkGA measurements have not been analyzed for preterm outcomes.