Figure 5.

Pharmacological inhibition of atypical protein kinase C lambda/iota (aPKCλ) suppresses programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) expression in HUVECs and AS‐Ms. A, mRNA relative expression of CD274 reduced after treatment with 100 μmol/L sodium aurothiomalate hydrate (ATM) in HUVECs, analyzed by real‐time RT‐PCR (n = 3). B, Decreased protein levels of PD‐L1 in HUVECs were also identified by western blot analysis (n = 3). C, Treatment with 100 μmol/L ATM caused decreased mRNA relative expression levels of CD274 in AS‐M cells (n = 3). D, PD‐L1 expression analyzed by western blotting also became significantly lower after 100 μmol/L ATM treatment (n = 3). Data represent mean ± SEM by 2‐tailed unpaired t test. *P < .05