Figure 1.

Raddeanin A (RA) induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. A, Human osteosarcoma cells were preincubated with glutathione (GSH) for 2 h and then treated with 2 μmol/L RA for 24 h. Cells were stained with 2′‐7′‐dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH‐DA) at 37°C in the dark for 30 min, and ROS levels were determined by fluorescence microscopy. Scale bar, 50 μm. B, Cells were stained with DCFH‐DA, and ROS levels were determined by flow cytometry. C, Mean fluorescent intensity is shown as histograms. Data are presented as the means ± SD (n = 3). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, significantly different compared with the untreated control group