Table 1. Events of genetically engineered food crops with enhanced disease resistance to microbial pathogens that have been approved for commercial production.

Data collected from The International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-biotech Applications (ISAAA) and the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (USDA-APHIS). MOA, Ministry of Agriculture, China; ARS, Agriculture Research Service; EMBRAPA, the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation; CTNBio, the Brazilian National Technical Commission on Biosafety.

Crop Species	Developer	Initial Approval	Target Pathogen	Gene(s) Expresseda	References
Squash	Seminis and Monsanto	1994 USDA	Watermelon mosaic virus 2 and zucchini yellow mosaic virus	Coat proteins	Tricoli et al., 1995
Squash	Seminis and Monsanto	1996 USDA	Cucumber mosaic virus, watermelon mosaic virus 2, and zucchini yellow mosaic virus	Coat proteins	Tricoli et al., 1995
Papaya	Cornell University and the University of Hawaii	1996 USDA	Papaya ringspot virus	Coat protein	Gonsalves, 1998, 2006
Potato	Monsanto	1998 USDA	Potato leafroll virus	Replicase and helicase	Thomas et al., 1997; Kaniewski and Thomas, 2004
Sweet Pepper	Beijing University	1998 MOA	Cucumber mosaic virus	Coat protein	Zhu et al., 1996
Potato	Monsanto	1999 USDA	Potato virus Y	Coat protein	Newell et al., 1991; Kaniewski and Thomas, 2004
Tomato	Beijing University	1999 MOA	Cucumber mosaic virus	Coat protein	Yang et al., 1995
Papaya	South China Agricultural University	2006 MOA	Papaya ringspot virus	Replicase	Ye and Li, 2010
Plum	USDA/ARS	2007 USDA	Plum pox virus	Coat protein	Scorza et al., 1994; Ilardi and Tavazza, 2015
Papaya	University of Florida	2009 USDA	Papaya ringspot virus	Coat protein	Davis and Ying, 2004
Bean	EMBRAPA	2011 CTNBio	Bean golden mosaic virus	+, − RNA of viral replication protein	Bonfim et al., 2007; Tollefson, 2011
Potato	J.R. Simplot	2015 USDA	Phytophthora infestans (late blight)	Resistance protein	Foster et al., 2009

^aOnly genes relevant to pathogen resistance are listed.