Table 1.
Effect of different microRNAs on the angiogenic process.
| MiRNA | Target gene | Role | Function | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MiR-34a | Silent information regulator 1 (Sirt1) | MiR-34a has been found to target silent information regulator 1 (Sirt1), leading to cell cycle arrest or apoptosis | Antiangiogenesis | [67] |
| MiR-107 | HIF-1β | MiR-107 decreases hypoxia signaling by suppressing expression HIF-1β | Antiangiogenesis | [75] |
| MiR-132 | p120RasGAP | MiR-132 acts as an angiogenic switch by targeting p120RasGAP in the endothelium and thereby inducing neovascularization | Angiogenesis | [76] |
| MiR-424 | Cullin 2 (CUL2) | MiR-424 targeted Cullin 2 (CUL2), a scaffolding protein critical to the assembly of the ubiquitin ligase system, thereby stabilizing HIF-α isoforms | Angiogenesis | [77] |
| MiR-93 | Integrin-β8 | MiR-93 promotes angiogenesis by suppressing integrin-β8 expression | Angiogenesis | [71] |
| MiR-29b | MMP-2 | MiR-29b exerted its antiangiogenesis function, at least partly, by suppressing MMP-2 expression in tumor cells | Antiangiogenesis | [78] |
| MiR-519c | HIF-1α | Overexpression of miR-519c resulted in a significant decrease of HIF-1α protein levels and reduced the tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells | Antiangiogenesis | [79] |
| MiR-210 | VEGF and VEGFR | Overexpression of miR-210 enhances VEGF and VEGFR2 expression and promotes angiogenesis | Angiogenesis | [80] |
| MiR-155 | Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) | MiR-155 has a pivotal role in tumor angiogenesis by downregulation of VHL | Angiogenesis | [81] |
| MiR-195 | VEGF, VAV2, CDC42 | MiR-195 directly inhibited the expression of the proangiogenic factor VEGF and the prometastatic factors VAV2 and CDC42 | Antiangiogenesis | [82] |
| MiR-145 | HIF-2α | MiR-145 suppresses HIF-2α expression, thus inhibiting the angiogenesis | Antiangiogenesis | [83] |
| MiR-26a | HGF-hepatocyte growth factor receptor (cMet) | MiR-26a exerted its antiangiogenesis function, at least in part, by inhibiting HGF-hepatocyte growth factor (cMet) and its downstream signaling pathway | Antiangiogenesis | [84] |
| MiR-214 | Hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) | Downregulation of miR-214 contributes to the unusual hypervascularity of HCC via activation of the HDGF paracrine pathway for tumor angiogenesis | Antiangiogenesis | [85] |
| MiRNA-24 | eNOS | Inhibition of microRNA-24 improves reparative angiogenesis in myocardial infarction | Antiangiogenesis | [86] |
| MiR-29a | Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) | TGF-β-regulated miRNA in promoting angiogenesis by targeting PTEN to stimulate AKT activity | Angiogenesis | [87] |
| MiR-27b | Vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGFC) | MiRNA-27b targets vascular endothelial growth factor C to inhibit angiogenesis in colorectal cancer | Antiangiogenesis | [88] |
| MiR-503 | FGF2 and VEGF-A | Demonstrate the antiangiogenesis role of miR-503 in tumorigenesis and provide a novel mechanism for hypoxia-induced FGF2 and VEGF-A through HIF1α-mediated inhibition of miR-503 | Antiangiogenesis | [89] |
| MiR-143 | Insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) | Overexpression of miR-143 inhibited cell proliferation, migration, tumor growth, and angiogenesis and increased chemosensitivity to oxaliplatin treatment in an IGF-IR-dependent manner | Antiangiogenesis | [90] |
| MiR-382 | Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) | MiR-382 induced by hypoxia promotes angiogenesis and acts as an angiogenic oncogene by repressing PTEN | Angiogenesis | [91] |
| MiR-210 | Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) | MiR-210 is a key factor at the microRNA level in promoting angiogenesis and neurogenesis, which was associated with local increased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels | Angiogenesis | [92] |
| MiR-542-3p | Angiopoietin-2 (Angpt2) | MiR-542-3p inhibited translation of Angpt2 mRNA by binding to its 3′ UTR, and the addition of miR-542-3p to cultured endothelial cells attenuated angiogenesis | Antiangiogenesis | [93] |
| MiR-214 | Quaking | MiR-214 directly targets Quaking, a protein critical for vascular development. Quaking knockdown reduced proangiogenic growth factor expression and inhibited endothelial cell sprouting similar to miR-214 overexpression | Antiangiogenesis | [94] |
| MiR-20a | p300 | P300 drives an angiogenic transcription program during hypertrophy that is fine-tuned in part through direct repression of p300 by miR-20a | Antiangiogenesis | [95] |
| MiR-15a | FGF2 and VEGF | MiR-15a negatively regulates angiogenesis in vivo and in vitro by suppression of FGF2 and VEGF | Antiangiogenesis | [96] |