. 2019 Apr 21;2019:9475908. doi: 10.1155/2019/9475908

Table 3.

Effects of different alkaloids on angiogenesis.

Name of alkaloid	N	Molecules		Biological results	Sample type	Year	Author
Noscapine	1	HIF-1	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis by downregulating VEFG	U87MG and T98G cell lines	2006	Newcomb et al. [97]
	2	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Human T98 cell lines	2008	Newcomb et al. [98]
	3	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Murine GL261 glioma cell lines	2008	Newcomb et al. [98]
	4	MMP-9 VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	KBM-5, HL-60, Jurkat, HuT-78, U266, RPMI- 8226, H1299, A293, DU145, and SCC4 cell lines	2010	Sung et al. [99]
	5	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	The A549 or H460 cell	2010	Chougule et al. [100]
	6	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Xenografted with H460 tumors (mice)	2010	Chougule et al. [100]
	7	HIF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Ovarian cancer cells	2011	Su et al. [101]
	8	NFKB VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	The human breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468	2011	Chougule et al. [100]

Berberine	9	HIF-1	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis by downregulating VEGF	Gastric adenocarcinoma cell line SC-M1	2004	Lin et al. [102]
	10	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	HeLa cell	2008	Lin et al. [103]
	11	VEGF MMP-2	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Human umbilical vein endothelial cells	2009	Gao et al. [104]
	12	Mmp-2/9 UPA	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Squamous cancer cell	2009	Ho et al. [105]
	13	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Hepatocellular carcinoma	2010	C. Cheung et al.
	14	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Hep G2 cell line	2011	Jie et al. [106]
	15	HIF-1 VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	B16F-10 melanoma cells and C57BL/6 mice	2012	Hamsa and Kuttan [107]
	16	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Xenografted hepatocellular carcinoma (mice)	2012	Ruhua [108]
	17	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Hepatocellular carcinoma	2012	Wang et al.
	18	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Breast cancer	2013	Kim et al. [109]
	19	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	HepG2 cells	2013	Wang and Ke [110]
	20	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Human non-small-cell lung cancer	2013	Fu et al. [111]
	21	Mmp-2 UPA	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Cervical cancer	2014	Chu et al.[112]
	22	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Hepatocellular carcinoma	2015	Tsang et al. [113]

Sanguinarine	23	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Swine granulosa cell	2006	Bianco et al. [114]
	24	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Endothelial cell line	2007	Basini et al. [115]
	25	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Swine granulosa cells	2007	Basini et al. [116]
	26	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Porcine aortic endothelial cell line	2007	Basini et al. [117]
	27	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Swine ovarian follicles	2008	Basini et al. [116]
	28	?	?	Inhibit angiogenesis	B16 melanoma 4A5 cells	2009	De Stefano et al. [118]
	29	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Human A549 lung cancer cells	2013	Xu et al. [119]
	30	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	MCF-7 human mammary adenocarcinoma cells	2013	Dong et al. [120]
	31	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	S180 sarcoma in mice	2014	Du et al. [121]
	32	HIF-1	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Pancreatic cancer	2015	Singh et al. [122]

Sinomenine	33	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Human synovial sarcoma cells (Hs701.T)	2006	Li et al. [123]
Sinomenine	34	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and U2OS cells	2016	Xie et al. [124]

Taspine	35	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) neovascularization model and CAM transplantation tumor model	2008	Zhang et al. [125]
	36	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Human umbilical vein endothelial cells	2008	Zhao et al. [126]
	37	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Human umbilical vein endothelial cells	2010	Zhang et al. [127]
	38	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Caco-2 cell lines	2011	Zhang et al. [128]
	39	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Human liver cancer SMMC7721	2011	Zhang et al. [129]
	40	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and mouse colon tissue	2012	Zhang et al. [130]
	41	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Human cell lines of SMMC-7721, A549, MCF-7, Lovo, and ECV304	2012	Zheng et al. [131]
	42	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	A549 cells lung cancer	2012	Lu et al. [132]

Tetrandrine	43	PDGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Adjuvant-induced chronic inflammation model of mouse	1998	Kobayashi et al. [133]
	44	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	RT-2 glioma RT	2009	Chen et al. [134]
	45	HIF-1 VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	A rat model corneal neovascularization (CNV)	2011	Sun et al. [135]
	46	HIF-1 VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	4T1 tumor bearing mice	2013	Gao et al. [136]
	47	—	—	Inhibit angiogenesis	Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and the human colon cancer cell line Lovo	2013	Qian et al. [137]
	48	—	—	Inhibit angiogenesis	Liver cancer xenograft model in nude mice	2015	Xiao et al. [138]

Brucine	49	VEGF TGF-β	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Murine cannulated sponge implant angiogenesis model	2011	Agrawal et al. [139]
	50	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Ehrlich ascites tumor and human cancer cell line	2011	Agrawal et al. [140]
	51	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Nude mouse model of bone metastasis due to breast cancer	2012	Li et al. [141]
	52	HIF-1	Decrease	Migration and metastasis and angiogenesis	Hepatocellular carcinoma	2013	Shu et al. [142]
	53	VEGF	Decrease	Angiogenesis	Colon cancer cells	2013	Luo et al. [143]
	54	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Lovo cell	2013	Zheng et al. [144]
	55	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	R breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231	2013	Kechun and Zjauma [145]

Evodiamine	56	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Human lung adenocarcinoma cell (CL1 cells)	2006	Shyu et al. [146]
	57	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Breast cancer cell	2008	Wang et al. [147]
	58	HIF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Human colon cancer cell	2015	Huang et al. [148]

Homoharringtonine	59	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Human umbilical vein endothelial cell line (ECV304)	2004	Ye and Lin [149]
	60	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Leukemic cell line (K562) in vitro	2004	Ye and Lin [149]
	61	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Myeloid leukemia cells	2005	Fei and Zhang [150]
	62	HIF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	K562 cell	2008	Li et al. [151]

Matrine	63	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Breast cancer cell	2009	Yu et al. [152]

Halofuginone	64	VEGF MMP	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	BALB/c ν/ν (nude) mice	2003	Gross et al. [153]
	65	—	—	Inhibit angiogenesis	Metastatic rat brain tumor model	2004	Abramovitch et al. [154]
	66	TGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Polyoma middle T antigen mouse	2005	Yee et al. [155]
	67	TGF-β-1, bFGF, COL1A1, MMP-2, MMP-9, VEGF, and PDGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Xenografted (rat)	2012	Jordan and Zeplin [156]
	68	VEGF MMP TGF-β	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Acute promyelocytic leukemia mouse model	2015	Assis et al. [157]

Capsaicine	69	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Endothelial cells in the rat aorta	2008	Pyun et al. [158]
Capsaicine	70	VEGF	Decrease	Inhibit angiogenesis	Non-small-cell lung cancer	2014	Chakraborty et al. [159]

Pterogynidine	71	—	—	Inhibit angiogenesis	Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC)	2009	Lopes et al. [160]