Table 1.
Clinical characteristics and demographics of the study participants.
| Parameters | Healthy controls (n = 28) | COPD patients (n = 35) |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years)† | 47.3 ± 15.8 | 70.9 ± 7.6 |
| Sex (M/F) | 17/11 | 23/12 |
| Disease duration (years) | — | 10.3 ± 5.5 |
| Smoking history (nonsmoker/ex-smoker/current smoker) | 21/7/0 | 3/25/7 |
| Number taking (ICS/LABA/LAMA) | 0/0/0 | 30/27/29 |
| Pulmonary function | ||
| FEV1 (% predicted)† | 97 ± 24 | 49 ± 25 |
| FVC (% predicted)∗ | 95 ± 23 | 71 ± 22 |
| FEV1/FVC ratio (% predicted)† | 87 ± 6 | 53 ± 14 |
| DLco (% predicted)† | 96 ± 21 | 55 ± 18 |
Parametric parameters were presented as mean ± SD. Differences between healthy controls and COPD patients (†P < 0.001 and ∗P = 0.006). P values were based on unpaired t-tests. P < 0.05 was considered significant. COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ICS: inhaled corticosteroid; LABA: inhaled long-acting beta adrenergic antagonist; LAMA: inhaled long-acting antimuscarinic agonist; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 second; DLCO: carbon monoxide diffusion capacity; FVC: forced vital capacity; PBMC: peripheral blood mononuclear cells; pred: predicted.