Table 4.
Number and percentage of the questions on the attitude of antibiotic use
| Question (response) | Total % (n/N) | Whole n (%) | 1st year n (%) | Final year n (%) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MS | NS | χ2 | p | MS | NS | χ2 | p | MS | NS | χ2 | p | ||
| Use antibiotics when having fever (temperature lower than 38.5°) | 655 (54.6%) | 323 (53.8%) | 332 (55.3%) | 0.27 | 0.602 | 210 (57.4%) | 175 (58.3%) | 0.062 | 0.804 | 113 (48.3%) | 157 (52.3%) | 0.860 | 0.354 |
| Common cold (always, often | 696 (58%) | 319 (53.2%) | 377 (62.8%) | 11.5 | 0.001 | 214 (58.5%) | 190 (63.3%) | 1.6 | 0.201 | 105 (44.9%) | 187 (62.3%) | 16.2 | 0.000 |
| Acute bronchitis (always, often) | 793 (66.1%) | 407 (67.8%) | 386 (64.3%) | 1.6 | 0.20 | 231 (63.1%) | 189 (63%) | 0.001 | 0.976 | 176 (75.2%) | 197 (65.7%) | 5.6 | 0.017 |
| Pneumonia (always, often) | 737 (61.4%) | 391 (65.2%) | 346 (57.7%) | 7 | 0.008 | 213 (58.2%) | 162 (54) | 1.2 | 0.227 | 178 (76.1%) | 184 (61.3%) | 13.1 | 0.000 |
| Coughing up yellow/green sputum (always, often) | 771 (64.3%) | 386 (64.3%) | 385 (64.2%) | 0.004 | 0.95 | 229 (62.6%) | 189 (63%) | 0.013 | 0.909 | 157 (67.1%) | 196 (65.3%) | 0.182 | 0.670 |
| Sore throat (always, often) | 822 (68.5%) | 412 (68.7%) | 410 (68.3%) | 0.015 | 0.901 | 260 (71%) | 206 (68.7%) | 0.441 | 0.506 | 152 (65%) | 204 (68%) | 0.584 | 0.459 |
| Cough with fever (always, often) | 879 (73.3%) | 450 (75%) | 429 (71.5%) | 1.8 | 0.171 | 286 (78.1%) | 211 (70.3%) | 5.3 | 0.21 | 164 (70.1%) | 218 (72.7%) | 0.430 | 0.512 |
| Congested nose with headache (always, often) | 717 (59.8%) | 335 (55.8%) | 382 (63.7%) | 7.6 | 0.006 | 224 (61.2%) | 190 (63.3%) | 0.318 | 0.573 | 111 (47.4%) | 192 (64%) | 14.5 | 0.000 |
| Coughing up white sputum (always, often) | 562 (46.8%) | 275 (45.8%) | 287 (47.8%) | 0.482 | 0.488 | 179 (48.9%) | 141 (47%) | 0.240 | 0.624 | 96 (41%) | 146 (48.7%) | 3.1 | 0.078 |
| Cough lasting 2 weeks or more (always, often) | 804 (67%) | 390 (65%) | 414 (69%) | 2.2 | 0.141 | 254 (69.4%) | 212 (70.7%) | 0.126 | 0.723 | 136 (58.1%) | 202 (67.3%) | 4.8 | 0.028 |
| Stop the use of antibiotics as soon as complaints lessen (Yes) | 534 (44.5%) | 208 (34.7%) | 326 (54.3%) | 47 | 0.000 | 152 (41.5%) | 156 (52%) | 7.3 | 0.007 | 136 (58.1%) | 202 (67.3%) | 57.7 | 0.000 |
| Antibiotic used prescribed by doctor (No) | 433 (36.1%) | 185 (30.8%) | 248 (41.3%) | 14.3 | 0.000 | 98 (26.8%) | 110 (36.7%) | 7.5 | 0.006 | 87 (37.2%) | 138 (46%) | 4.2 | 0.041 |
| Follow prescription when choose Antibiotic (No) | 317 (26.4%) | 142 (23.7%) | 175 (29.2%) | 4.6 | 0.031 | 78 (21.3%) | 69 (23) | 0.273 | 0. 601 | 64 (27.4%) | 106 (35.3%) | 3.8 | 0.049 |
| Used antibiotics without doctor’s Instructions (Yes) | 667 (55.6%) | 325 (54.2%) | 342 (57%) | 0.97 | 0.323 | 172 (47%) | 160 (53.3%) | 2.6 | 0.104 | 153 (65.4%) | 182 (60.7%) | 1.3 | 0.263 |
| Ask the doctor to prescribe for you antibiotics when you catch a common cold (Yes) | 445 (37.1%) | 185 (30.8%) | 260 (43.3%) | 20 | 0.000 | 131 (35.8%) | 137 (45.7%) | 6.7 | 0.010 | 54 (23.1%) | 123 (41%) | 19.1 | 0.000 |
*p < 0.05; #Significance; χ2 = chi square test.; n (%): Frequency (Percentage)