Table 2.

Differential metabolites of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) between NOD and CON macaques

No	Metabolite	HMDB ID	Ret (min)	m/z	VIP	P-value	Log (FC)
1	Propanoic acid	HMDB00237	5.3654	174	1.26	0.029	0.103
2	Acetic acid	HMDB00042	5.7046	205	1.32	0.022	0.137
3	Hydroxylamine	HMDB03338	6.2860	154	1.16	0.046	0.074
4	Propanedioic acid	HMDB00691	6.4586	218	1.15	0.049	0.089
5	Butanoic acid	HMDB00039	6.9491	145	1.36	0.017	0.143
6	L-proline	HMDB00162	8.7842	142	1.21	0.038	0.105
7	Methanamine	HMDB00164	8.8266	160	1.33	0.021	0.086
8	Glycine	HMDB00123	8.9144	174	1.65	0.003	0.169
9	Isothiourea	HMDB34155	9.3807	245	1.17	0.046	0.081
10	Nonanoic acid	HMDB00847	9.5321	215	1.32	0.021	0.108
11	Carbamic acid	HMDB03551	9.6229	278	1.38	0.016	0.142
12	Threonine	HMDB00167	10.0166	117	1.33	0.020	0.097
13	Beta-alanine	HMDB00056	10.5041	73	1.51	0.007	0.165
14	Threitol	HMDB04136	11.5125	217	1.76	0.001	0.155
15	Erythronic acid	HMDB00613	12.0575	205	1.93	0.000	0.164
16	L-aspartic acid	HMDB00191	12.4118	147	1.16	0.046	0.238
17	Xylitol	HMDB02917	14.1409	103	1.59	0.004	0.146
18	Ribitol	HMDB00508	14.1984	117	1.19	0.040	0.116
19	2-keto-D-gluconic acid	METPA0825	14.6496	292	1.29	0.024	0.126
20	1,4-butanediamine	HMDB01414	15.3885	86	1.20	0.038	0.095
21	D-fructose	HMDB00660	15.7973	73	1.46	0.009	0.166
22	Myoinositol	HMDB00211	16.0304	265	1.19	0.040	0.128
23	Glucaric acid	HMDB00663	17.0993	333	1.35	0.018	0.223
24	Hexadecanoic acid	HMDB00220	17.1599	73	1.21	0.038	0.086
25	Scyllitol	HMDB06088	17.2326	318	1.49	0.008	0.160
26	Gulose	HMDB12326	17.3052	204	1.38	0.016	0.219
27	Heptadecanoic acid	HMDB02259	18.0653	327	1.15	0.048	0.092
28	Benzeneacetic acid	HMDB00209	18.5165	295	1.21	0.037	−0.055
29	Linolelaidic acid	HMDB06270	18.6800	337	1.37	0.016	0.117
30	Trans-9-octadecenoic acid	HMDB00573	18.7194	341	1.26	0.030	0.126
31	Oleic acid	HMDB00207	18.7799	68	1.17	0.044	0.104
32	Octadecanoic acid	HMDB00827	18.9374	257	1.17	0.044	0.085
33	1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid	HMDB02285	19.7853	369	1.29	0.025	−0.051
34	N-acetyl-D-glucosamine	HMDB00215	20.5362	73	2.05	0.000	0.176
35	D-glycero-D-galacto-heptitol	HMDB33750	20.5907	262	2.05	0.000	0.192
36	Galactitol	HMDB00107	20.6634	307	1.87	0.000	0.191
37	5-phenylvaleric acid	HMDB02043	22.3046	334	1.50	0.007	0.179

Notes: Obtained from PLS-DA with a threshold of 1.0. A positive log₂ (FC) indicates significantly higher levels in NOD group compared with CON group. A negative log₂ (FC) indicates significantly lower levels in NOD group compared with CON group.

Abbreviations: VIP, variable importance in the projection; CON, control; NOD, naturally occurring depressive; Ret, retention time; FC, fold change; PLS-DA, partial least squares-discriminate analysis.