Table 3.
Associations of physical function with physical stressors, medical communication, psychological variables, and social resources variables
| Model | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | Model 5 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | Estimate (SE) | 95%CI | Estimate (SE) | 95%CI | Estimate (SE) | 95%CI | Estimate (SE) | 95%CI | Estimate (SE) | 95%CI |
| Constant | 57.05 (4.64) | 47.93, 66.18*** | 64.47 (4.50) | 55.62, 73.31*** | 55.66 (6.13) | 43.61, 67.71*** | 62.12 (7.53) | 47.32, 76.92*** | 55.99 (8.03) | 40.21, 71.78*** |
| Low-acult. Chinese (vs. NHW)¥ | −3.33 (1.33) | −5.95, −0.71** | −1.63 (1.23) | −4.04, 0.78 | −0.45 (1.34) | −3.08, 2.18 | −0.30 (1.31) | −2.88, 2.27 | 1.01 (1.44) | −1.82, 3.84 |
| High-acult. Chinese (vs. NHW) | 1.94 (1.40) | −0.81, 4.68 | 1.67 (1.27) | −0.83, 4.17 | 1.30 (1.30) | −1.24, 3.85 | 0.86 (1.28) | −1.66, 3.37 | 1.02 (1.28) | −1.49, 3.54 |
| Age 51-64 (vs. age 21-50) | −2.59 (1.24) | −5.04, −0.15* | −1.65 (1.15) | −3.91, 0.60 | −2.15 (1.17) | −4.45, 0.15 | −2.86 (1.16) | −5.14, −0.59** | −2.74 (1.17) | −5.04, −0.45* |
| Age 65+ (vs. age 21-50) | −3.78 (1.55) | −6.82, −0.74* | −2.53 (1.48) | −5.45, 0.39 | −3.90 (1.51) | −6.86, −0.93** | −5.48 (1.55) | −8.52, −2.43*** | −5.37 (1.55) | −8.41, −2.32*** |
| >High School (vs. ≤HS) | 0.74 (1.48) | −2.16, 3.65 | 0.66 (1.34) | −1.98, 3.30 | 0.81 (1.38) | −1.90, 3.52 | 0.60 (1.38) | −2.13, 3.32 | 0.32 (1.41) | −2.45, 3.08 |
| Employed (vs. unemployed) | −1.83 (1.14) | −4.06, 0.41 | −1.01 (1.04) | −3.07, 1.04 | −0.90 (1.06) | −2.98, 1.18 | −0.94 (1.04) | −2.99, 1.10 | −0.95 (1.04) | −3.00, 1.10 |
| Cancer stage II-III (vs. stage 0-1) | −2.75 (1.19) | −5.10, −0.40* | −1.63 (1.10) | −3.79, 0.53 | −1.63 (1.10) | −3.79, 0.53 | −1.02 (1.08) | −3.13, 1.10 | −0.82 (1.08) | −2.95, 1.30 |
| 37-60 mons since DX (vs. ≤36 mons) | 1.69 (1.04) | −0.36, 3.74 | 1.83 (0.95) | −0.04, 3.70 | 1.91 (0.97) | −0.00, 3.82* | 1.68 (0.95) | −0.20, 3.56 | 1.83 (0.96) | −0.06, 3.72 |
| 1 Comorbidity (vs. 0) | −0.82 (1.28) | −3.34, 1.69 | −0.43 (1.31) | −3.00, 2.14 | −0.48 (1.28) | −2.99, 2.03 | −0.57 (1.29) | −3.10, 1.96 | ||
| 2 Comorbidities (vs. 0) | −6.80 (1.26) | −9.28, −4.33*** | −5.95 (1.29) | −8.48, −3.42*** | −6.10 (1.26) | −8.57, −3.63*** | −6.00 (1.26) | −8.48, −3.52*** | ||
| ≥5 symptoms (vs. <5) | −5.23 (1.00) | −7.19, −3.26*** | −5.64 (1.04) | −7.68, −3.60*** | −4.64 (1.03) | −6.67, −2.61*** | −4.48 (1.03) | −6.51, −2.44*** | ||
| Medical communication | 0.24 (0.10) | 0.05, 0.43** | 0.15 (0.10) | −0.04, 0.35 | 0.08 (0.11) | −0.13, 0.28 | ||||
| Perceived control | 0.39 (0.18) | 0.03, 0.74* | 0.35 (0.19) | −0.02, 0.71 | ||||||
| Perceived severity | −0.23 (0.10) | −0.44, −0.03* | −0.20 (0.11) | −0.41, 0.01 | ||||||
| Engagement coping | −0.07 (0.12) | −0.31, 0.17 | −0.11 (0.13) | −0.36, 0.14 | ||||||
| Disengagement coping | −0.32 (0.25) | −0.82, 0.18 | −0.21 (0.26) | −0.71, 0.30 | ||||||
| Socioeconomic wellbeing | 0.22 (0.11) | 0.01, 0.43* | ||||||||
| Social support | 0.03 (0.08) | −0.12, 0.18 | ||||||||
| Social network | 0.03 (0.08) | −0.13, 0.20 | ||||||||
| Adjusted McKelvey & Zavoina R2† | 0.09 | 0.25 | 0.27 | 0.30 | 0.31 | |||||
Note. Accul. = acculturation; HS=High school; mons = months; DX=diagnosis. Significant associations were bolded.
¥
Physical function scores in the final model were not significantly different between the low-acculturated and high-acculturated Chinese groups (p=0.72).
†
Adjusted by the number of sample size and predictors in each model.
*
p≤.05;
**
p≤.01;
***
p<.001