Table 3.
Prognostic factors of mortality in older patients with acute emergency department (ED) contact
| %, total (n) | 0–30 days | 0–360 days | |||||||||
| %, (n) | Crude HR (95% CI) |
P value | Adjusted HR (95% CI)* |
P value | %, (n) | Crude HR (95% CI) |
P value | Adjusted HR (95% CI)* |
P value | ||
| Gender | |||||||||||
| Female | 55.4 (1949) | 5.0 (98) | 1 (ref) | 1 | 20.8 (406) | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Male | 44.6 (1570) | 4.7 (74) | 0.93 (0.69 to 1.26) | 0.659 | 1.19 (0.85 to 1.66) | 0.322 | 20.3 (318) | 0.97 (0.84 to 1.12) | 0.666 | 1.20 (1.02 to 1.41) | 0.031 |
| Age | 1.06 (1.04 to 1.08) | <0.001 | 1.03 (1.01 to 1.05) | 0.004 | 1.06 (1.05 to 1.07) | <0.001 | 1.04 (1.03 to 1.05) | <0.001 | |||
| Charlson Comorbidity Index | |||||||||||
| 0 | 28.8 (1015) | 3.6 (36) | 1 | 1 | 12.4 (126) | 1 | 1 | ||||
| 1–2 | 42.2 (1484) | 4.3 (64) | 1.22 (0.81 to 1.84) | 0.334 | 1.02 (0.65 to 1.57) | 0.947 | 20.2 (300) | 1.70 (1.38 to 2.09) | <0.001 | 1.37 (1.10 to 1.71) | 0.005 |
| ≥3 | 29.0 (1020) | 7.1 (72) | 2.02 (1.35 to 3.01) | 0.001 | 1.44 (0.92 to 2.26) | 0.108 | 29.2 (298) | 2.60 (2.11 to 3.20) | <0.001 | 1.82 (1.46 to 2.28) | <0.001 |
| Living status | |||||||||||
| Not alone | 42.4 (1474) | 3.6 (53) | 1 | 1 | 16.6 (244) | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Alone | 57.6 (2002) | 5.5 (111) | 1.56 (1.12 to 2.16) | 0.008 | 0.97 (0.66 to 1.41) | 0.865 | 22.5 (450) | 1.40 (1.20 to 1.63) | <0.001 | 0.86 (0.72 to 1.03) | 0.104 |
| Urgency | |||||||||||
| Less urgent | 62.3 (2161) | 4.9 (105) | 1 | 1 | 20.7 (448) | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Urgent | 37.7 (1305) | 4.9 (64) | 1.01 (0.74 to 1.38) | 0.927 | 1.10 (0.80 to 1.51) | 0.563 | 20.6 (269) | 0.99 (0.85 to 1.15) | 0.910 | 1.04 (0.89 to 1.21) | 0.642 |
| No of medications | |||||||||||
| <5 | 36.2 (1275) | 4.2 (53) | 1 | 1 | 16.9 (215) | 1 | 1 | ||||
| ≥5 | 63.8 (2244) | 5.3 (119) | 1.28 (0.92 to 1.77) | 0.137 | 0.97 (0.68 to 1.37) | 0.847 | 22.7 (509) | 1.40 (1.19 to 1.64) | <0.001 | 1.05 (0.89 to 1.25) | 0.563 |
| Length of stay | |||||||||||
| ED visit | 33.6 (1184) | 2.3 (27) | 1 | 1 | 13.5 (160) | 1 | 1 | ||||
| <48 hours | 13.0 (456) | 3.5 (16) | 1.55 (0.83 to 2.92) | 0.165 | 1.56 (0.84 to 2.91) | 0.164 | 12.9 (59) | 0.97 (0.72 to 1.31) | 0.834 | 0.95 (0.70 to 1.29) | 0.762 |
| ≥48 hours | 53.4 (1879) | 6.9 (129) | 3.09 (2.04 to 4.68) | <0.001 | 2.51 (1.63 to 3.84) | <0.001 | 26.9 (505) | 2.18 (1.83 to 2.61) | <0.001 | 1.82 (1.52 to 2.19) | <0.001 |
| Municipality healthcare | |||||||||||
| Independent | 50.3 (1772) | 2.2 (39) | 1 | 1 | 10.1 (178) | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Dependent | 33.9 (1192) | 6.1 (73) | 2.84 (1.93 to 4.20) | <0.001 | 2.06 (1.30 to 3.26) | 0.002 | 28.3 (337) | 3.14 (2.62 to 3.76) | <0.001 | 2.07 (1.68 to 2.56) | <0.001 |
| In residential care | 15.8 (555) | 10.8 (60) | 5.13 (3.43 to 8.16) | <0.001 | 3.94 (2.41 to 6.45) | <0.001 | 37.7 (209) | 4.54 (3.71 to 5.53) | <0.001 | 3.03 (2.39 to 3.85) | <0.001 |
Proportions, HRs, and p-values < 0.05 presented as bold values.
*Cox proportional hazard model adjusted for gender, age as continuous variable, Charlson Comorbidity Index (0, 1–2, ≥3), number of medications (<5, ≥5), length of stay, living alone, urgency level (urgent, less urgent) and municipality healthcare the month before index contact as categorical variable.