Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the OAB cohort at baseline, Truven MarketScan databases 2007–2015
| Overall | By age | By baseline anticholinergic burden* | By sex | |||||||||||
| <65 | ≥65 | No burden | Some burden | Male | Female | |||||||||
| n=154 432 | n=117 271 | n=37 161 | n=54 602 | n=99 830 | n=49 597 | n=104 835 | ||||||||
| n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | |
| Age (years) | ||||||||||||||
| Mean (SD) | 55.7 | 15.2 | 49.4 | 11.0 | 75.7 | 7.5 | 51.4 | 14.6 | 58.1 | 15.0 | 56.2 | 14.0 | 55.5 | 15.8 |
| Median (IQR) | 56 | 46–64 | 52 | 43–58 | 75 | 69–81 | 52 | 42–60 | 58 | 49–68 | 57 | 48–64 | 55 | 46–64 |
| ≤45 | 36 039 | 23.3 | 36 039 | 30.7 | 0 | 0 | 17 300 | 31.7 | 18 739 | 18.8 | 9915 | 20 | 26 124 | 24.9 |
| 46–55 | 39 784 | 25.8 | 39 784 | 33.9 | 0 | 0 | 15 357 | 28.1 | 24 427 | 24.5 | 12 743 | 25.7 | 27 041 | 25.8 |
| 56–65 | 43 414 | 28.1 | 41 448 | 35.3 | 1966 | 5.3 | 14 610 | 26.8 | 28 804 | 28.9 | 16 160 | 32.6 | 27 254 | 26 |
| 66–75 | 17 649 | 11.4 | 0 | 0 | 17 649 | 47.5 | 4383 | 8 | 13 266 | 13.3 | 6115 | 12.3 | 11 534 | 11 |
| 76–85 | 13 099 | 8.5 | 0 | 0 | 13 099 | 35.2 | 2341 | 4.3 | 10 758 | 10.8 | 3765 | 7.6 | 9334 | 8.9 |
| 86+ | 4447 | 2.9 | 0 | 0 | 4447 | 12 | 611 | 1.1 | 3836 | 3.8 | 899 | 1.8 | 3548 | 3.4 |
| Female sex | 104 835 | 67.9 | 79 159 | 67.5 | 25 676 | 69.1 | 29 999 | 54.9 | 74 836 | 75.0 | 0 | 0 | 104 835 | 100.0 |
| Comorbidities† | ||||||||||||||
| Hypertension, uncomplicated | 55 900 | 36.2 | 35 332 | 30.1 | 20 568 | 55.3 | 14 401 | 26.4 | 41 499 | 41.6 | 19 895 | 40.1 | 36 005 | 34.3 |
| Diabetes mellitus and diabetic peripheral neuropathy | 21 490 | 13.9 | 13 424 | 11.4 | 8066 | 21.7 | 5540 | 10.1 | 15 950 | 16.0 | 8205 | 16.5 | 13 285 | 12.7 |
| Cerebrovascular disease and stroke | 8517 | 5.5 | 3180 | 2.7 | 5337 | 14.4 | 1599 | 2.9 | 6918 | 6.9 | 2905 | 5.9 | 5612 | 5.4 |
| Dizziness | 8398 | 5.4 | 5366 | 4.6 | 3032 | 8.2 | 1905 | 3.5 | 6493 | 6.5 | 2249 | 4.5 | 6149 | 5.9 |
| Osteoporosis | 6609 | 4.3 | 3162 | 2.7 | 3447 | 9.3 | 1626 | 3.0 | 4983 | 5.0 | 471 | 0.9 | 6138 | 5.9 |
| Arthritis | 6345 | 4.1 | 4370 | 3.7 | 1975 | 5.3 | 1295 | 2.4 | 5050 | 5.1 | 1097 | 2.2 | 5248 | 5.0 |
| Falls or fractures within the preceding year | 5542 | 3.6 | 3059 | 2.6 | 2483 | 6.7 | 1163 | 2.1 | 4379 | 4.4 | 1210 | 2.4 | 4332 | 4.1 |
| Lifestyle factors | ||||||||||||||
| Smoking | 13 548 | 8.8 | 8836 | 7.5 | 4712 | 12.7 | 2956 | 5.4 | 10 592 | 10.6 | 4426 | 8.9 | 9122 | 8.7 |
| Alcohol abuse | 768 | 0.5 | 658 | 0.6 | 110 | 0.3 | 188 | 0.3 | 580 | 0.6 | 374 | 0.8 | 394 | 0.4 |
| Medications | ||||||||||||||
| Opioids | 56 036 | 36.3 | 41 608 | 35.5 | 14 428 | 38.8 | 11 044 | 20.2 | 44 992 | 45.1 | 14 887 | 30.0 | 41 149 | 39.3 |
| Benzodiazepine use | 27 507 | 17.8 | 20 252 | 17.3 | 7255 | 19.5 | 2349 | 4.3 | 25 158 | 25.2 | 5882 | 11.9 | 21 625 | 20.6 |
| Chronic use of inhaled or oral corticosteroids | 5367 | 3.5 | 3306 | 2.8 | 2061 | 5.5 | 888 | 1.6 | 4479 | 4.5 | 1492 | 3.0 | 3875 | 3.7 |
| Risk factors for high anticholinergic burden | ||||||||||||||
| Depression, neurotic disorders or psychosis | 32 674 | 21.2 | 27 037 | 23.1 | 5637 | 15.2 | 7838 | 14.4 | 24 836 | 24.9 | 8135 | 16.4 | 24 539 | 23.4 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 10 016 | 6.5 | 5604 | 4.8 | 4412 | 11.9 | 1824 | 3.3 | 8192 | 8.2 | 3167 | 6.4 | 6849 | 6.5 |
| Parkinson’s disease/other neurological impairments | 5973 | 3.9 | 3401 | 2.9 | 2572 | 6.9 | 1059 | 1.9 | 4914 | 4.9 | 1847 | 3.7 | 4126 | 3.9 |
| Dementia | 1570 | 1.0 | 138 | 0.1 | 1432 | 3.9 | 216 | 0.4 | 1354 | 1.4 | 408 | 0.8 | 1162 | 1.1 |
| Intestinal motility disorders | 152 | 0.1 | 107 | 0.1 | 45 | 0.1 | 43 | 0.1 | 109 | 0.1 | 39 | 0.1 | 113 | 0.1 |
| Elixhauser score, mean (SD) | 1 | 3.9 | 1 | 3.3 | 3 | 5.0 | 1 | 3.0 | 1 | 4.3 | 1 | 3.9 | 1 | 3.9 |
| Timing of OAB | ||||||||||||||
| Incident case | 1 06 730 | 69.1 | 84 888 | 72.4 | 21 842 | 58.8 | 43 688 | 80.0 | 63 042 | 63.1 | 36 783 | 74.2 | 69 947 | 66.7 |
| Prevalent case | 47 702 | 30.9 | 32 383 | 27.6 | 15 319 | 41.2 | 10 914 | 20.0 | 36 788 | 36.9 | 12 814 | 25.8 | 34 888 | 33.3 |
| Anticholinergic burden | ||||||||||||||
| Mean (SD) | 266.7 | 486.5 | 213.8 | 443.9 | 433.8 | 570.3 | 0 | 0 | 412.6 | 553.2 | 154.2 | 365.3 | 320.0 | 526.1 |
| Median (IQR) | 30 | 0.0, 314.0 | 13 | 0.0, 200.0 | 183 | 3.0, 713.0 | 0 | 0.0, 0.0 | 180 | 36.0, 609.0 | 1 | 0.0, 120.0 | 60.0 | 0.0, 445.5 |
| No burden | 54 602 | 35.4 | 46 746 | 39.9 | 7856 | 21.1 | 54 602 | 100.0 | 0 | 0 | 24 603 | 49.6 | 29 999 | 28.6 |
| Low | 38 669 | 25.0 | 31 229 | 26.6 | 7440 | 20.0 | 0 | 0 | 38 669 | 38.7 | 11 504 | 23.2 | 27 165 | 25.9 |
| Medium | 31 719 | 20.5 | 22 006 | 18.8 | 9713 | 26.1 | 0 | 0 | 31 719 | 31.8 | 8460 | 17.1 | 23 259 | 22.2 |
| High | 29 442 | 19.1 | 17 290 | 14.7 | 12 152 | 32.7 | 0 | 0 | 29 442 | 29.5 | 5030 | 10.1 | 24 412 | 23.3 |
*Baseline anticholinergic burden assessed over the 12-month pre-index period.
†Only comorbidities identified among >2.5% are presented. The following were identified among <2.5% of the cohort: syncope, complicated hypertension, cognitive impairment, Alzheimer’s disease, musculoskeletal problems, hyperparathyroidism, decreased vision, chronic kidney disease, leg and foot amputation, hypotension, and palmonental reflex.
OAB, overactive bladder.