Table 1. Clinical characteristics of patients in this study.
| Variables | Total (N = 90) |
Mild (N = 57) |
Severe (N = 33) |
P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years)* | 77 (70–82) | 77 (72–83) | 77 (61–81) | 0.135 |
| Male gender | 49 (54.4) | 32 (56.1) | 17 (51.5) | 0.826 |
| Body Mass Index (Kg/m2)* | 20 (18–23) | 20 (18–22) | 21 (18–23) | 0.143 |
| APACHE II score at admission* | 24 (20–28) | 23 (20–28) | 25 (20–31) | 0.472 |
| SOFA score at admission* | 9 (7–11) | 8 (7–11) | 9 (7–12) | 0.303 |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index* Prior diagnosis of DM |
6 (5–8) 52 (57.8) |
7 (6–8) 29 (50.9) |
6 (5–7) 23 (69.7) |
0.164 0.121 |
| Diagnosis | ||||
| Pneumonia sepsis | 50 (55.6) | 38 (66.7) | 12 (36.4) | 0.008 |
| Biliary sepsis | 10 (11.1) | 1 (1.8) | 9 (27.3) | <0.001 |
| UTI sepsis | 23 (25.6) | 13 (22.8) | 10 (30.3) | 0.460 |
| Other | 7 (7.7) | 5 (8.7) | 2 (6.1) | 1.000 |
| Classification of cultured specimen | ||||
| Blood culture | 35 (38.9) | 17 (29.8) | 18 (54.5) | 0.026 |
| Sputum culture | 59 (65.6) | 45 (78.9) | 14 (42.4) | 0.001 |
| Urine culture | 29 (32.2) | 15 (26.3) | 14 (42.4) | 0.160 |
| Other | 3 (3.3) | 0 (0) | 3 (9.1) | 0.046 |
| Laboratory findings* | ||||
| C-reactive protein (mg/L) | 174 (93–252) | 207(104–249) | 157 (76–262) | 0.277 |
| Procalcitonin (ng/mL) | 7 (2–26) | 4 (1–7) | 11 (3–63) | 0.007 |
| Aspartate transaminase (IU/L) | 44 (28–115) | 39(24–64) | 74 (35–360) | 0.021 |
| Alanine transaminase (IU/L) | 24 (15–67) | 22 (13–35) | 34 (18–101) | 0.036 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 169 (120–250) | 161 (122–209) | 209 (118–295) | 0.148 |
| Lactic acid (mmol/L) | 4.5 (2.3–7.1) | 3.7 (2.0–6.1) | 5.3 (3.4–9.9) | 0.006 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 11 (9–13) | 11 (9–13) | 11 (10–13) | 0.925 |
| Platelet (x109/L) | 182 (112–264) | 199 (131–288) | 151 (91–240) | 0.038 |
| Vasopressor use | ||||
| Norepinephrine | 82 (91.1) | 49 (86) | 33 (100) | 0.025 |
| Vasopressin | 31 (34.4) | 10 (17.5) | 21 (63.6) | <0.001 |
| Dobutamine | 30 (33.3) | 19 (33.3) | 11 (33.3) | 1.000 |
| Dopamine | 27 (30) | 13 (22.8) | 14 (42.4) | 0.060 |
| Epinephrine | 9 (10) | 1 (1.8) | 8 (24.2) | 0.001 |
| Steroid use | 35 (38.9) | 18 (31.6) | 17 (51.5) | 0.075 |
| Ventilator use | 76 (84.4) | 48 (84.2) | 28 (84.8) | 1.000 |
| CRRT use | 23 (25.6) | 7 (12.3) | 16 (48.5) | <0.001 |
| Ventilator days* | 8 (2–14) | 9 (4–18) | 5 (1–11) | 0.020 |
| ICU mortality | 43 (47.8) | 18 (31.6) | 25 (75.8) | <0.001 |
| Glycated hemoglobin (%)* | 5.8 (5.3–7.2) | 5.7 (5.3–6.7) | 6.6 (5.6–8.7) | 0.014 |
Abbreviations: APACHE II, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; DM, diabetes mellitus; UTI, urinary tract infection; CRRT, continuous renal replacement therapy; ICU, intensive care unit.
* Data are presented as median (25th percentile-75th percentile). Other variables are presented as number (percent).