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. 2019 Apr 30;10:938. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00938

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Copyright © 2019 Purvis, Solito and Thiemermann.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Upon cellular activation, ANXA1 is mobilized to the plasma membrane and then secreted in one of three mechanisms depending in the cell type involved. These mechanisms are: (1) through the ATP-binding (ABC) transporter; (2) via direct phosphorylation of ANXA1 on serine-27 followed by membrane localization to the plasma membrane, and (3) fusion of ANXA1 loaded granules to the plasma membrane. Once released ANXA1 can act in an autocrine, paracrine, and juxtacrine manner to activate ALX/FPR2 signaling.