Table 1. Indications for transplant immunosuppressive drugs in urology.

Drug	Applications in urology	Society recommendations
Cyclosporine	IC/BPS	AUA 5th line treatment for IC/PBS; level of evidence Grade C (3,4)
	Eosinophilic cystitis	None
MMF*	Retroperitoneal; fibrosis	None
mTOR inhibitors	AML	None
	ADPKD	None—pre-clinical
	Stage IV RCC	NCCN temsirolimus clear cell: poor-risk (Category 1); other risk (Category 2B)
		NCCN temsirolimus non-clear cell: poor-risk (Category 1); other risk (Category 2A)
		NCCN everolimus clear cell: subsequent monotherapy; subsequent therapy + lenvatinib (Category 1)
		NCCN everolimus non-clear cell: monotherapy; lenvatinib + everolimus; bevacizumab + everolimus (papillary RCC) (5)

*, MMF may be used in advanced cases of renal cell carcinoma as adjunct in bone marrow transplant for prevention of graft versus host disease as well as for the management of severe immunologic adverse events in patients on check point immunotherapy who are otherwise responding to treatment. In addition, MMF also has uses in some dermatologic diseases that may affect genitalia. These uses are beyond the scope of this review. MMF, mycophenolate mofetil; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin; IC/BPS, interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome; AUA, American Urological Association; AML, angiomyolipoma; ADPKD, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease; RCC, renal cell carcinoma.