Table 1.
Approved immune checkpoint inhibitors and FDA indications
| Antibody | Target | FDA indications | FDA approval date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ipilimumab (Yervoy) | CTLA-4 | Unresectable or metastatic melanoma | 2011 |
| Adjuvant treatment in cutaneous melanoma following surgery | 2015 | ||
| Unresectable or metastatic melanoma in paediatric patients 12 years of age or older | 2017 | ||
| Nivolumab (Opdivo) | PD-1 | Unresectable or metastatic melanoma | 2014 |
| Advanced (metastatic) squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) | 2015 | ||
| Advanced (metastatic) renal cell carcinoma | 2015 | ||
| Classical Hodgkin lymphoma | 2016 | ||
| Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC) | 2016 | ||
| Metastatic urothelial carcinoma | 2017 | ||
| Microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) or mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) | 2017 | ||
| Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) | 2017 | ||
| Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) |
PD-1 | Advanced or unresectable melanoma | 2014 |
| Advanced (metastatic) NSCLC | 2015 | ||
| Metastatic HNSCC | 2016 | ||
| Refractory classic Hodgkin Lymphoma | 2017 | ||
| Metastatic urothelial carcinoma | 2017 | ||
| Metastatic solid tumors with microsatellite instability-high or mismatch repair deficienta | 2017 | ||
| Metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma with PD-L1 expression | 2017 | ||
| Metastatic cervical cancer with PD-L1 expression | 2018 | ||
| Refractory primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma | 2018 | ||
| Hepatocellular carcinoma | 2018 | ||
| Metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma | 2018 | ||
| Atezolizumab (Tecentriq) | PD-L1 | Urothelial carcinoma | 2016 |
| Metastatic NSCLC | 2016 | ||
| Avelumab (Bavencio) | PD-L1 | Metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma | 2017 |
| Urothelial carcinoma | 2017 | ||
| Durvalumab (Imfinzi) |
PD-L1 | Metastatic urothelial carcinoma | 2017 |
| Advanced NSCLC | 2018 | ||
| Ipilimumab + Nivolumab | CTLA-4+ PD-1 | BRAF V600 wild-type unresectable or metastatic melanoma | 2015 |
| BRAF V600 wild-type and BRAF V600 mutation-positive metastatic melanoma | 2016 | ||
| Intermediate- and poor-risk advanced renal cell carcinoma | 2018 | ||
| Microsatellite instability-high or mismatch repair deficient metastatic colorectal cancer | 2018 |
Notes: aFirst approval based on the presence of a biomarker instead of the tissue affected.
Abbreviations: CTLA-4, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen; PD-1, programmed cell death 1; PD-L1, programmed cell death ligand 1; NSCLC, squamous non-small cell lung cancer; HNSCC, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.