Table 1:

Summary of statistical results for differences in spinal loads and muscle forces between groups (persons with LLA and controls) and task phases (sit-to-stand and stand-to-sit).

	Peak Values of Dependent Variables during the Task
	Compression force		Medio-lateral Shear force		Antero-posterior Shear force		Equivalent Global Muscle		Equivalent Local Muscle
	F	p	F	p	F	p	F	p	F	p
Group (G)	3.95	0.047	5.45	0.032	6.37	0.022	2.72	0.117	1.32	0.267
Phase (P)	1.89	0.187	3.95	0.063	2.87	0.109	1.67	0.213	2.80	0.112
G X P	3.79	0.068	5.70	0.029	0.68	0.421	3.53	0.078	0.07	0.792
	Mean Values of Dependent Variables during the Task
	Compression force		Medio-lateral Shear force		Antero-posterior Shear force		Equivalent Global Muscle		Equivalent Local Muscle
	F	p	F	p	F	p	F	p	F	p
Group (G)	6.79	0.018	22.62	<0.001	3.43	0.082	5.56	0.031	0.37	0.553
Phase (P)	0.85	0.369	18.87	<0.001	1.33	0.265	3.73	0.070	5.84	0.027
G X P	0.39	0.541	11.38	0.004	0.34	0.565	2.64	0.123	0.05	0.829

Boldface indicates significant effect