Table 1.
Patient demographics
| Characteristics | Total (n = 148) | Ringer’s acetate (n = 75) | Ringer’s lactate (n = 73) | p value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex, n (%) | ||||
| Male | 112 (75.7) | 56 (74.7) | 56 (76.7) | 0.772 |
| Female | 36 (24.3) | 19 (25.3) | 17 (23.3) | |
| Age [years], med (IQR) | 67.5 (58.0–72.5) | 66.0 (58.0–72.0) | 68.0 (59.0–73.0) | 0.631 |
| ASA PS [class], n (%) | 1.000 | |||
| 3 | 3 (2.0) | 2 (2.7) | 1 (1.4) | |
| 4 | 145 (98.0) | 73 (97.3) | 72 (98.6) | |
| Euroscore, med (IQR) | 18 (17–19) | 18 (17–19) | 18 (16–19) | 0.542 |
| SAPS, med (IQR) | 54 (44–62) | 54 (46–62) | 54 (42–62) | 0.945 |
| NYHA [grade], n (%) | 0.167 | |||
| 0 | 11 (7.5) | 5 (6.8) | 6 (8.2) | |
| 1 | 34 (23.1) | 18 (24.3) | 16 (21.9) | |
| 2 | 69 (46.9) | 34 (46.0) | 35 (48.0) | |
| 3 | 28 (19.1) | 17 (23.0) | 11 (15.1) | |
| 4 | 5 (3.4) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (6.9) | |
| Preoperative ejection fraction [%], med (IQR) | 60 (55–65) | 60 (55–65) | 60 (55–65) | 0.795 |
| Preoperative eGFR [mL/min], med (IQR) | 70 (53–85) | 73 (51–87) | 67 (54–83) | 0.507 |
| Type of surgery, n (%) | ||||
| Composite graft (+valve#) | 20 (13.5) | 4 (5.3) | 16 (21.9) | 0.004 |
| Other | 128 (86.5) | 71 (94.7) | 57 (78.1) | |
| Single valve | 107 (72.3) | 59 (78.7) | 48 (65.8) | |
| Single valve + CABG | 12 (8.1) | 5 (6.7) | 7 (9.6 | |
| Double valve | 6 (4.1) | 4 (5.3) | 2 (2.7) | |
| Double valve + CABG | 1 (0.7) | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0.0 | |
| Triple valve | 2 (1.4) | 2 (2.7) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Duration anesthesia [min], med (IQR) | 310 (266–362) | 305 (266–353) | 310 (264–364) | 0.937 |
| Duration surgery [min], med (IQR) | 202 (170–251) | 205 (176–251) | 192 (170–264) | 0.812 |
| Aortic cross clamp time [min], med (IQR) | 70 (56–90) | 67 (53–86) | 73 (58–97) | 0.172 |
| Hypothermic circulatory arrest n (%) | 17 (11.56) | 3 (4.00) | 14 (19.18) | 0.004 |
| Red blood cell transfusions [mL]°, med (IQR) | 340 (220–550) | 333 (223–575) | 350 (174–550) | 0.788 |
| Time until initial hemodynamic stabilization [h], med (IQR) | 12.06 (9.7–13.9) | 12.08 (10.0–13.4) | 12.05 (9.1–14.1) | 0.649 |
*Wilcoxon rank sum test for continuous variables and chi-square test
°Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables between the Ringer’s acetate and the Ringer’s lactate study groups including autologous retransfusion and red cell concentrates
#One patient in the Ringer’s lactate group