Table 1.
Assessment of sex/gender integration in original investigations, overall and by journal and study type
| Number of original investigations meeting assessment metric (%) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Article section | Sex/gender assessment metric | All original investigations N = 155 | Original investigations in general medicine journals N = 23 | Original investigations in diabetes-specific journals N = 132 | Randomized controlled trials N = 115 | Observational studiesN = 40 |
| Title & abstract | Sex/gender noted in the title | 2 (1.3) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.5) | 1 (0.9) | 1 (2.5) |
| Sex/gender noted in abstract | 27 (17.4) | 2 (8.7) | 25 (18.9) | 15 (13.0) | 12 (30.0) | |
| Introduction | Sex/gender issues discussed in introduction | 15 (9.7) | 2 (8.7) | 13 (9.8) | 5 (4.3) | 10 (25.0) |
| Methods | Plan to control for sex/gender in analysis | 47 (30.3) | 5 (21.7) | 42 (31.8) | 23 (20.0) | 24 (60.0) |
| Plan to stratify results by sex/gender | 12 (7.7) | 2 (8.7) | 10 (7.6) | 5 (4.3) | 7 (17.5) | |
| Results | Reporting participant sex/gender: | |||||
| • Reported % female participants only | 36 (23.2) | 6 (26.1) | 30 (22.7) | 30 (26.1) | 6 (15.0) | |
| • Reported % males participants only | 57 (36.8) | 9 (39.1) | 48 (36.4) | 36 (31.3) | 21 (52.5) | |
| • Reported % both male & female participants | 58 (37.4) | 7 (30.4) | 51 (38.6) | 45 (39.1) | 13 (32.5) | |
| • Did not report sex/gender distribution of participants | 4 (2.6) | 1 (4.3) | 3 (2.3) | 4 (3.5) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Reporting results by sex/gender: | ||||||
| • At least one outcome (but not all) reported by sex/gender | 24 (15.5) | 5 (21.7) | 19 (14.4) | 17 (14.8) | 7 (17.5) | |
| • All outcomes reported by sex/gender | 10 (6.5) | 1 (4.3) | 9 (6.8) | 3 (2.6) | 7 (17.5) | |
| • No outcomes reported by sex/gender | 121 (78.1) | 17 (73.9) | 104 (78.8) | 95 (82.6) | 26 (65.0) | |
| Discussion | Sex issues discussed | 21 (13.5) | 0 (0.0) | 21 (15.9) | 9 (7.8) | 12 (30.0) |
| Gender issues discussed | 1 (0.6) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.8) | 1 (0.9) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Limitations | Limitations pertaining to sex/gender issues discussed | 4 (2.6) | 2 (8.7) | 2 (1.5) | 4 (3.5) | 0 (0.0) |