Table 1.
Patients’ socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of adults who died in rural and urban areas, England 2014 (N = 430,467)
| Variable | Value | Rural | Urban |
|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | 86,432 (20.1%) | 344,035 (79.9%) | |
| Geographic access (min) | Median drive time to hospice (minimum, maximum) | 17.9 (0.16, 93.9) | 9.02 (0.01, 105.4) |
| Median drive time to hospital (minimum, maximum) | 9.71 (0.02, 73.9) | 4.5 (0.00, 76.2) | |
| Age | 25–54 | 3.7 | 5.4 |
| 55–64 | 6.7 | 8.1 | |
| 65–74 | 16.6 | 16.7 | |
| 75–84 | 29.9 | 30 | |
| 85 + | 43.2 | 39.7 | |
| Gender | Female | 51.3 | 52.3 |
| Male | 48.7 | 47.7 | |
| Marital status | Divorced | 7.8 | 10.3 |
| Married | 43.1 | 37.7 | |
| Separated/dissolved | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
| Single | 7.1 | 9.6 | |
| Unknown/not stated | 0.3 | 0.5 | |
| Widowed | 41.6 | 41.8 | |
| Cause of death (ICD-10 codes) | Cancers (C00–C97) | 30.1 | 30.4 |
| *CBDs (G45–G46, I60–I69) | 7.6 | 7.1 | |
| *COPDs (J40–J44, J47) | 5.7 | 5.9 | |
| * CVDs (I00–I52, I70–I99) | 21 | 21.1 | |
| Neurological conditions (G35–G37, G20, F02.3, G12) | 1.7 | 1.7 | |
| Others (not in the above categories) | 33.8 | 33.7 | |
| Number of contributory Causes of deaths (NCoDs) |
0 | 25.2 | 23.4 |
| 1 | 28.1 | 26.9 | |
| 2 | 21.4 | 22 | |
| 3 | 12.9 | 14.1 | |
| 4 | 7 | 7.6 | |
| 5 + | 5.4 | 6.1 | |
| Index of Multiple (IMD) | 1 (most deprived) | 3.3 | 24.1 |
| 2 | 12.9 | 21.6 | |
| 3 | 29.2 | 18.5 | |
| 4 | 30.7 | 17.6 | |
| 5 (least deprived) | 24 | 18.3 | |
| Regions | East | 17.6 | 9.9 |
| East-midlands | 12.5 | 8.1 | |
| London | 0.3 | 12.6 | |
| North-east | 5.3 | 5.8 | |
| North-west | 8.3 | 16 | |
| South-east | 18.6 | 16 | |
| South-west | 18.7 | 9.5 | |
| West midlands | 9.5 | 11.3 | |
| Yorkshire and The Humber | 9.4 | 11 | |
| Place of death | Other place | 1.2 | 1.1 |
| Hospice | 5.5 | 6.2 | |
| Home | 24.6 | 22 | |
| Care home | 25.5 | 22.3 | |
| Hospital | 43.1 | 48.4 |
*Cause of death: Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs), Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and Cerebrovascular Disease (CBDs)