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. 2019 May 6;17:42. doi: 10.1186/s12964-019-0353-3

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© The Author(s). 2019

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 8 — The effect of ATG5 and ATG7 on autophagy, ER stress, apoptosis and cell cycle depends on PERK. a The ER stress proteins were analysed by western blotting in the GSK2606414 treated chondrocytes. b The levels of ER stress proteins were normalized to β-actin. c Determination of autophagy and apoptosis proteins expression by western blotting in the GSK2606414 treated chondrocytes. d The levels of related proteins were normalized to β-actin. e FCM analysis was used to calculate the percentage of apoptotic cells at the time point of 24 h. The apoptosis rate were increased when combined treated with GSK2606414. Experiments were repeated 3 times, Representative images are shown. f Analysis of cell apoptosis. Data come from 3 independent experiments. g FCM analysis indicated that the S phase percentage were decreased compared to that of the control groups when combine treated with GSK2606414 in C28I2 cells. Experiments were repeated 3 times, Representative images are shown. h Percentage of cells at each phase in different groups. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 compared with the controls. Values are means ± SD n = 3). (1:Ad-GFP, 2:Ad-ATG5 + Ad-ATG7, 3:Ad-ATG5 + Ad-ATG7 + DMSO, 4:Ad-ATG5 + Ad-ATG7+ GSK2606414)