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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Sleep Med. 2018 Dec 28;55:124–134. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2018.11.019

Table 4.

Comparing depressive symptoms, maladaptive thinking, and hyperarousal between insomnia remitters and non-remitters.

Insomnia Remission Status
Posttreatment 6-month follow-up
Remitters Non-Remitters Remitters Non-Remitters
BDI-II 4.41±4.07 7.96±5.44 Cohen’s d=.74 4.57±4.13 7.31±4.95 Cohen’s d=.60
DBAS 2.68±1.42 4.17±1.51 Cohen’s d=1.02 2.92±1.29 4.15±1.43 Cohen’s d=.90
PSAS Cognitive 9.79±2.41 12.33±4.56 Cohen’s d=.70 10.00±2.15 12.50±3.74 Cohen’s d=.82
ERRI .89±.76 .95±.63 -- .87±.62 .94±.68 --
PSWQ 39.61±10.17 46.04±12.70 Cohen’s d=.56 38.25±10.35 45.78±10.55 Cohen’s d=.72
PSAS Somatic 13.00±4.29 18.05±6.35 Cohen’s d=.93 13.88±4.20 19.58±7.10 Cohen’s d=.98

Note: Insomnia severity index score of 7 or below indicates remission. BDI-II = Beck depression inventory, 2nd edition. DBAS = dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep scale, 16-item version. PSAS Cognitive = presleep arousal scale, cognitive factor. PSAS Somatic = presleep arousal scale, somatic factor. ERRI = event-related rumination inventory. PSWQ = Penn State worry questionnaire.