Table 1.
Characteristics of study subjects and group comparisons by sleep duration
| Sleep duration | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall (Column %) |
<6 hrs | 6–8 hrs | >8 hrs | P value* | |
| N | 908 (100) | 252 (27.8) | 552 (60.8) | 104 (11.5) | - |
| Age, years | 68.4 ± 9.1 | 68.5±9.5 | 67.63±8.8 | 72.6±8.5 | <0.001 |
| Gender | |||||
| Men | 406 (44.7) | 139(55.2) | 236(42.8) | 31(29.81) | <0.001 |
| Women | 502(55.3) | 113(44.8) | 316(57.2) | 73(70.19) | |
| Race | |||||
| White | 307 (33.8) | 56(22.2) | 206(37.3) | 45(43.3) | <0.001 |
| Chinese | 129 (14.2) | 39(15.5) | 81(14.7) | 9(8.7) | |
| Black | 255 (28.1) | 90(35.7) | 144(26.1) | 21(20.2) | |
| Hispanic | 217 (23.9) | 67(26.6) | 121(21.9) | 29(27.9) | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 28.0 ± 5.1 | 28.8±5.3 | 27.7±4.9 | 27.9±5.5 | 0.029 |
| Smoking | |||||
| Never smoking | 483 (53.3) | 129(51.2) | 294(53.4) | 60(57.7) | 0.146 |
| Previous smoking | 374 (41.2) | 102(40.5) | 234(42.5) | 38(36.5) | |
| Current smoking | 50 (5.5) | 21(8.3) | 23(4.2) | 6(5.8) | |
| HTN | |||||
| No | 383 (42.2) | 93(36.9) | 257(46.6) | 33(31.7) | 0.003 |
| Yes | 525 (57.8) | 159(63.1) | 295(53.4) | 71(68.3) | |
| HTN med. use | |||||
| No | 420 (46.3) | 101(40.1) | 282(51.1) | 37(35.6) | 0.001 |
| Yes | 488 (53.7) | 151(59.9) | 270(48.9) | 67(64.4) | |
| Lipid lowering med. Use | |||||
| No | 574(63.2) | 165(65.5) | 351(63.6) | 58(55.8) | 0.216 |
| Yes | 334 (36.8) | 87(34.5) | 201(36.4) | 46(44.2) | |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 185.8±36.1 | 181.4±35.4 | 187.6±36.0 | 187.4±37.7 | 0.073 |
| HDL (mg/dL) | 55.6±15.9 | 53.9±15.1 | 55.6±15.7 | 59.6±17.8 | 0.009 |
| LDL (mg/dL) | 108.5±32.0 | 106.2±30.4 | 109.8±32.3 | 107.2±34.6 | 0.294 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 109.5±57.2 | 108.6±62.7 | 110.8±54.6 | 104.3±56.8 | 0.544 |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 100.6±27.1 | 103.5±28.8 | 99.5±27.1 | 98.9±21.8 | 0.125 |
| AHI (/hr) | 23±18.7 | 25.9±20.1 | 21. 8±18.1 | 22.4±17.9 | 0.018 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 127.9±17.6 | 128.9±18.6 | 127.4±16.9 | 128.1±18.4 | 0.509 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 71.9±11.3 | 73.9±11.4 | 71.2±10.8 | 70.8±12.8 | 0.003 |
| LVEF(%) | 62.0±7.3 | 60.9±7.8 | 62.2±7.0 | 63.7±7.2 | 0.004 |
| Ascending AD (%/mmHg) | 1.6 ±1.2 | 1.7±1.2 | 1.6±1.2 | 1.6±0.9 | 0.508 |
| Descending AD (%/mmHg) | 2.1 ± 1.3 | 2.1±1.4 | 2.0±1.3 | 2.1±1.5 | 0.490 |
| aPWV (m/s) | 8.8 ± 4.2 | 8.4 ± 3.6 | 8.7 ± 4.2 | 9.9 ± 4.9 | 0.008 |
Values are mean ± SD or N (Percentage). All percentages are raw percentages except otherwise noted.
BMI, body mass index; HTN, hypertension; HDL, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; AHI, apnea hypopnea index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; AD, aorta distensibility; aPWV, aortic pulse wave velocity
*
p- values were obtained from one-way analysis of variance for continuous variables and chi-square tests for categorical variables.