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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Neurobiol Aging. 2018 May 31;70:117–124. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2018.05.033

Figure 2. Effect of guanfacine treatment on prefrontal executive function (PEF6 z-score) in cognitively normal older participants.

Figure 2

Least squares means and 95% confidence limits are estimated from linear mixed effects models accounting for serial correlation among repeated PEF6 z-score measurements at three time-points (baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks). Both the observed means (A) and the difference (from baseline) means (B) are shown after multivariable adjustments for age, education, and sex. Abbreviations: PEF6 z-score, mean of z-scores for 6 executive function tasks (CANTAB: Spatial Working Memory, Stockings of Cambridge, Intradimensional/Extradimensional Shift, Paired Associates Learning; Stroop Color Word Score, Trail Making Test B).