. 2018 Dec 4;28(1):53–82. doi: 10.1044/2018_AJSLP-18-0037

Table 1.

Demographic, intelligence, language, and speech characteristics of 17 participants with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q) and 104 participants in three comparison samples of children and youth with complex neurodevelopmental disorders (DS = Down syndrome; FXS = fragile X syndrome; GAL = galactosemia).

Variable	Complex neurodevelopmental disorders						Data and standard scores			Percentile scores			z Scores ^a
Variable	22q	DS	FXS	GAL	n	%	M	SD	Range	M	SD	Range	M	SD	Range
Demographic
Chronological age (years)	X				17		10.3	3.3	5–18
		X			45		14.1	2.2	10–20
			X		28		16.0	3.2	11–22
				X	31		8.8	2.9	5–16
Male	X				11	64.7
		X			25	55.6
			X		28	100.0
				X	20	64.5
Intelligence
IQ composite ^b	X				17		77.8	11.5	54–100	11.8	12.5	1–50
		X			46		44.0	8.3	36–79	^—	^—	^—
			X		27		38.3	5.4	36–57	^—	^—	^—
				X	30		86.8	16.9	40–111	^—	^—	^—
Language
Oral composite ^c	X				16		77.4	11.8	62–103	11.9	15.7	1–58
		X			14		42.6	4.4	40–56	0.1	0.0	0.1–0.2
			X		^—		^—	^—	^—	^—	^—	^—
				X	31		79.6	15.3	40–114	^—	^—	^—
Speech
Sounds-in-Words ^d	X				17		73.6	27.4	40–106	11.6	13.2	1–42
		X			^—		^—	^—	^—	^—	^—	^—
			X		^—		^—	^—	^—	^—	^—	^—
				X	^—		^—	^—	^—	^—	^—	^—
Percentage of consonants correct	X				17		82.4	13.3	61.1–97.2				−4.27	1.52	−5.00 to −0.19
		X			45		78.9	8.7	59.3–93.3				−4.96	0.26	−5.00 to −3.29
			X		28		93.0	3.3	84.8–98.8				−4.6	1.1	−5.00 to −0.93
				X	31		84.3	13.2	46.5–98.5				−3.44	1.81	−5.00 to 0.33
Percentage of vowels correct	X				17		92.6	7.4	76.0–99.2				−4.27	1.55	−5.00 to −0.01
		X			45		89.9	4.3	77.7–96.7				−5.00	0.00	^*
			X		28		96.2	2.3	88.4–99.0				−4.87	0.49	−5.00 to −2.90
				X	31		92.4	7.8	69.9–99.7				−3.76	1.84	−5.00 to 0.35
Intelligibility Index (%)	X				17		93.9	8.6	65.9–99.5				−3.22	1.82	−5.00 to −0.14
		X			45		81.3	12.3	50.1–99.0				−4.94	0.43	−5.00 to −2.12
			X		28		84.4	12.4	50.4–98.0				−4.91	0.34	−5.00 to −3.26
				X	31		93.2	11.2	54.8–100.0				−3.01	2.13	−5.00 to 0.90

Note. z Score values for the speech variables were truncated at −5.00 SD units. Blank cells indicate not applicable; cells with em dashes indicate data not available.

Using the age and sex reference data in “Reference Data for the Madison Speech Assessment Protocol (MSAP): A Database of 150 Participants 3-to-18 Years of Age with Typical Speech (Tech. Rep. No. 18)” N. L. Potter, S. Hall, H. B. Karlsson, M. Fourakis, H. L. Lohmeier, J. L. McSweeny, … L. D. Shriberg, 2012, Phonology Project, Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison.

Standard scores: Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test–Second Edition (Kaufman & Kaufman, 2004); Stanford–Binet Intelligence Scale–Fourth Edition (Thorndike et al., 1986); Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children–Third Edition (Wechsler, 1991); and Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence–Second Edition (Wechsler, 2011).

Standard scores: Oral and Written Language Scales (Carrow-Woolfolk, 1995).

Standard scores: Goldman-Fristoe Test of Articulation–Second Edition (Goldman & Fristoe, 2000).

Not appropriate.