FIGURE 4.

Graphical summary of factors identified as mediators on the path between pain intensity and sleep variables. *Temporal associations have not yet been well established, therefore the figure should be interpreted as hypothetical and not necessarily reflecting causality. Cross-sectional study included in the figure denoted with an asterisk. Potential confounders adjusted for: Annual income,39 age,33 sex,33 maternal education,33 Sickle Cell Disease type,33 aggregated person means for sleep and pain variables across the course of study.33