Table 2.
Logistic regression results for factors associated with depression among T2DM patients
| Possible depression | Probable depression | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exp(B) | 95% CI | Exp(B) | 95% CI | |
| Sex | 1.03 | 0.78–2.2 | 1.18 | 0.59–2.36 |
| Age | 1.02 | 1.00–1.04 | 1.01 | 0.99–1.04 |
| BMI | 1.04 | 0.98–1.11 | 1.07 | 0.99–1.15 |
| HBA1c | 1.05 | 0.80–1.36 | 0.95 | 0.68–1.33 |
| Smoking | 0.64 | 0.33–1.22 | 0.31** | 0.15–0.67 |
| Alcohol | 1.16 | 0.68–1.97 | 2.13* | 1.02–4.46 |
| Exercise frequency | 0.91 | 0.78–1.06 | 0.99 | 0.81–1.21 |
| Single | 1.15 | 0.63–2.10 | 1.24 | 0.58–2.64 |
| Living alone | 0.99 | 0.41–2.39 | 0.76 | 0.25–2.27 |
| Extraversion | 0.88 | 0.72–1.08 | 0.76* | 0.58–1.00 |
| Agreeableness | 0.74* | 0.59–0.94 | 0.55*** | 0.40–0.74 |
| Conscientiousness | 0.88 | 0.70–1.09 | 1.00 | 0.75–1.32 |
| Neuroticism | 1.87*** | 1.48–2.37 | 2.19*** | 1.59–3.00 |
| Openness | 0.84 | 0.67–1.05 | 1.18 | 0.89–1.58 |
Notes: Possible depression is defined as 16 or higher on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Probable depression is defined as 21 or higher on the CES-D. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001
Abbreviations: T2DM, Type 2 diabetes mellitus; BMI, body mass index; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c.