Fig. 3.
Health benefits of carbon mitigation. Life-years gained a overall and b per 100,000 population by region from the air quality improvements associated with the optimal decarbonization in RICE + AIR. c, d show the resulting monetized benefits in total, and as a percent of GDP, respectively. Note that if a region’s PM2.5 exposure (concentration) drops below 5.8 µg/m3, health benefits no longer accrue—this threshold assumption is common in other global air quality assessments16, and is tested in the sensitivity analyses